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Neur > Ch 13 - Psychopharmocology > Flashcards

Ch 13 - Psychopharmocology Flashcards

0
Q

drugs produced from outside the body

A

exogenous

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1
Q

drugs produce from within

A

endogenous

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2
Q

how a drug works

A

effects

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3
Q

where a drug works

A

site of action

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4
Q

how a drug gets used

A

pharmacokinetics

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5
Q

to affect you, a drug must blank

A

bind to a receptor

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6
Q

faster a drug gets to site of action, the more blank

A

addictive

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7
Q

after a certain dose of drug, increasing doses blank

A

does not produce stronger effect

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8
Q

difference between desired effect and undesired effect like mortality

A

margin of safety

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9
Q

takes a higher dose to get the same effect

A

tolerance

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10
Q

dose of a drug creates augmented effect… and locomotor activity increases as well as WANT for the drug

A

sensitization

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11
Q

a substance from which another substance is formed

A

precursor

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12
Q

drugs that facilitate postsynaptic effects

A

agonist

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13
Q

drugs that block postsynaptic effects

A

antagonist

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14
Q

competitive binding of agonists and antagonists

A

direct

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15
Q

noncompetitive binding of agonists and antagonists

A

indirect

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16
Q

neurotransmitters must be:

A
  1. in synaptic terminal
  2. calcium dependent release
  3. subject to inactivation
  4. receptors exist
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17
Q

3 nt families

A

amino acids, monoamines, neuropeptides

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18
Q

glutamate, aspartate, glycine, gaba are blank NTs

A

amino acids

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19
Q

catecholamines, indoleamines, histamine, acetlycholine are blank NTs

A

monoamines

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20
Q

substance P, endorphins, enkephalins are blank NTs

A

neuropeptides

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21
Q

90% of CNS involve the 4 blank neurotransmitters

A

amino acid

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22
Q

glutamate and aspartate are blank NTs

A

excitatory

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23
Q

gaba and glycine are blank NTs

A

inhibitory

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24
Q

major inhibitory CNS neurotransmitter

A

gaba

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25
Q

gaba is made from blank and blank

A

glutamade, gad

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26
Q

glutamate and gad makes these two things

A

gaba, co2

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27
Q

chloride concentration is blank inside than outside

A

less

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28
Q

two gaba indirect agonists

A

valium, phenobarbital

29
Q

gaba a receptors allow blank ions in

A

chloride

30
Q

gaba b receptors are connected to blank channels

A

potassium

31
Q

precursor of dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine

A

tyrosine

32
Q

precursor of serotonin

A

tryptophan

33
Q

first man to isolate neurotransmitter

A

otto loewi

34
Q

two ach receptor subtypes

A

muscarinic, nicotinic

35
Q

sympathetic has blank synapses, releases blank at first and blank at second

A

2, ach, norepinephrine

36
Q

parasympathetic has blank synapses, releases blank at first and blank at second

A

2, ach, ach

37
Q

somatic has blank synapses and releases blank

A

1, ach

38
Q

dopamine, norepiniphrine, epinephrine are all this type of monoamine

A

catecholamine

39
Q

serotonin is this type of monoamine

A

indoleamine

40
Q

tyrosine through tyrosine hydroxylase is converted to blank and is the rate limiting step

A

dopa

41
Q

dopa becomes blank through aromatic amino acid decarboxylase

A

dopamine

42
Q

dopamine is converted to blank via dopamine beta hydroxylase

A

norepinephrine

43
Q

norepinephrine is converted to blank via pnmt

A

epinephrine

44
Q

only two places that make dopamine

A

substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area

45
Q

vta, substantia nigra are in the blank

A

midbrain/mesencephalon

46
Q

pathway of dopamine that is reinforcement, drug addictino, schizo

A

mesolimbic

47
Q

mesolimbic has dopamine coming from this part of vta

A

nucleus accumbens, amygdala

48
Q

dopamine for STM, and planning

A

mesocortical

49
Q

mesocortical has dopamine coming from this part of vta

A

prefrontal cortex

50
Q

pathway of dopamine for movement and comes from substantia nigra

A

nigrostriatal

51
Q

norepinephrine uses axonal blank

A

varicosities

52
Q

cocaine causes blank effect of dopamine

A

prolonged

53
Q

tryptophan is converted to blank via tryptophan 5-hydroxylase and is the blank

A

5 htp, rate limiting step

54
Q

5 htp is converted to blank via aromatic amino acid decarboxylase

A

5 ht (serotonin)

55
Q

serotonin is released blank the brain rather than specific blank

A

throughout, pathways

56
Q

serotonin is made in blank

A

raphe nuclei

57
Q

mao inhibitor mess with blank and are for blank

A

monoamine oxidase, depression

58
Q

ssri blocks the blank of serotonin and are for blank

A

reuptake, depression

59
Q

peptide transmitters have recently been found to act as transmitters in the blank

A

cns

60
Q

peptides may blank other neurotransmitters

A

modulate

61
Q

there is blank of peptides with classical neurotransmitters

A

colocalization

62
Q

the study of the effects of exogenous drugs on the nervous system and behavior

A

psychopharmacology

63
Q

drugs can modulate blank in many different ways

A

neurotransmitters

64
Q

first natural ligand for thc discovered

A

anandamide

65
Q

thc stimulates blank receptors in cerebellum, globus pallidus, hippocampus, and substantia nigra

A

cannabioid

66
Q

there are blank receptors for marijuana in blank

A

few, brainstem

67
Q

thc has a low blank

A

toxicity

68
Q

drug that distorts visual perception / serotonin

A

lsd

69
Q

drug that is a noradrenergic/serotonergic agonist, excitatory and hallucinogenic effects; short term feeling of euphoria and well being

A

mdma (ecstasy)

Neur (30 decks)

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