Ch 8 - Synaptic Transmission Flashcards

0
Q

patch clamp blank current flow from one channel at a time, but voltage clamp causes a blank voltage

A

measures, fixed

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1
Q

space between postsynaptic cell and presynaptic cell

A

synapse (apposition zone)

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2
Q

not all channels will blank at certain voltages

A

open

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3
Q

current flows blank in a current generator

A

outward

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4
Q

feedback amplifier injects a blank current into the cell to keep it at a fixed voltage

A

equal and opposite

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5
Q

voltage clamp works as a blank system

A

negative feedback

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6
Q

synapses that send rapid and stereotyped depolarizing signals

A

electrical

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7
Q

electrical synapses are good for depolarizing blank neurons simultaneously

A

multiple

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8
Q

type of synapse that are more flexible, slower, and more variability in types of signals that can be sent

A

chemical

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9
Q

chemical synapses can produce more blank behaviors

A

complex

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10
Q

the postsynaptic cell receives about blank percent of the signal that the presynaptic cell has

A

50%

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11
Q

synaptic delay between presynaptic spike and postsynaptic spike is almost blank because gap junctions are blank

A

instantaneous, physically connected

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12
Q

electrical gap junctions passively spread blank without a blank

A

graded signal, action potential

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13
Q

gap junctions are covered with specialized channels that allow current to go through called

A

gap junction channels

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14
Q

postsynaptic cytoplasm of gap junctions are much blank than normal extracellular space

A

smaller

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15
Q

these close to cut themselves off from a dying cell so they dont die too

16
Q

gap junctions have blank blank channels

17
Q

electrical synapses are useful for orchestrating the action of blank

A

many cells at once,

18
Q

electric current required to stimulate multiple cells is greater than electric current required to stimulate blank

19
Q

electrical synapses do not have blank channels that only allows certain things to pass through

20
Q

support cells of the nervous system (CNS & PNS)

21
Q

look at slides for this chapter

22
Q

electrical synapses are used mostly in blank

A

lower invertebrates

23
Q

humans use blank synapses mostly

24
chemical messengers from one cell to another in chemical synapses
neurotransmitters
25
chemical synapses hold neurotransmitter blank is specific places that is directly across from blank
vesicles, receptor of postsynaptic neuron
26
vesicles are released via
exocytosis
27
neurotransmitters are made of blank and blank
amino acids/peptides
28
transmitter is released in blank step, then in second step, neurotransmitters bind to blank and cause a change
1st, receptors
29
advantages of multiple receptors rather than neurotransmitters
1. multiple receptors with slight protein variations 2. ability to reuse the neurotransmitter 3. can change how many receptors are available 4. easier to store a few neurotransmitters 5. secondary messengers can change the message 6. 500 types of subunits
30
ionotropic receptors have blank
membrane spanning proteins with extracellular areas that bind nt, carry out effector function in cell
31
receptors that gate ion channels directly (aka ligand channels)
ionotropic receptor
32
smaller receptors than ionotropic that are usually only consist of a couple subunits
metabotropic
33
metabotropic receptors alter somethign on the blank of the cell
inside
34
g protein coupled receptor is a blank channel
metabotropic