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NCLEX > Maternity and Newborn Medications > Flashcards

Maternity and Newborn Medications Flashcards

1
Q

Tocolytics

A

Medication that relaxes the uterus and surpasses uterine activity to help prevent pre-term labor.

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2
Q

Adverse effects of tocolytics

A
  1. N &V
  2. Hypotension
  3. Dizziness
  4. Tachycardia
  5. Headache
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3
Q

Types of tocolytic drugs

A
  1. Intocin
  2. Magnesium Sulfate
  3. Pericardia
  4. Adalat
  5. Nifedical
  6. Terabutaline
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4
Q

Maternal contraindications for tocolytic drugs

A
  1. Eclampsia and preeclampsia
  2. Active vaginal bleeding
  3. Intrauterine infection
  4. Cardiac Disease
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5
Q

Fetal Contraindications for tocolytic drugs

A
  1. 37+ weeks gestation
  2. Cervix 4+cm dilated
  3. Uterine growth restriction
  4. Fetal distress
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6
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

A

Central Nervous System depressant and anticonvulsant. Causes smooth muscle to relax. Used to stop preterm labor and prevent seizures in eclampsia. Antidote is calcium gluconate.

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7
Q

Adverse effects of magnesium sulfate

A
  1. Respiratory distress
  2. Hypotension
  3. Muscle weakness
  4. Pulmonary edema
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8
Q

Magnesium sulfate administration

A

Through an infusion pump.
Keep calcium gluconate on hand.
Check patellar reflex prior to administration.
Respirations > or = 16bpm

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9
Q

Betamethasone & Dexamethasone

A

Corticosteroids that increase the production of surfactant to accelerate fetal lung maturity and decrease respiratory distress.

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10
Q

When can corticosteroids be used?

A

In patient in preterm labor between 28-32 weeks whose labor can be inhibited for 48 hours with no detriment to mother or fetus.

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11
Q

Contraindications for corticosteriods

A
  1. Lowers maternal resistance to infection.
  2. Pulmonary edema (Na and H20 retention)
  3. Increase in blood glucose in diabetic patients.
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12
Q

How are corticosteroids administered?

A

IM injection

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13
Q

How are opioid analgesics administered?

A

IM injection

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14
Q

What is the antidote for opioid toxicity?

A

Naloxone rapidly reverses opioid toxicity.

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15
Q

Types of opioid analgesics

A
  1. Demerol
  2. Dilaudid
  3. Fentanyl
  4. Sufenta
  5. Butorphanol tartrate
  6. Nalbuphine
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16
Q

Contraindications for opioid analgesics

A
  1. N & V
  2. Dizziness
  3. Hypotension
  4. respiratory depression
  5. cyanosis
  6. coma
  7. fetal narcosis
  8. fetal distress
17
Q

When is Butorphanol tartrate contraindicated and why?

A

In patients with previous history of opioid dependency it can cause withdrawal symptoms.

18
Q

Prostaglandins

A

Medication that makes the cervix softer by dilation and effacement.

19
Q

How are prostaglandins administered?

A

Vaginally.

20
Q

Types of prostaglandins

A
  1. Cyotec
  2. Cerdivil
  3. Prostin
21
Q

Contraindications of prostaglandins

A
  1. N & V
  2. Diarrhea
  3. Cramps
  4. Fever & chills
  5. Flushing
  6. Fetal passage of mycelium
  7. Hyperstimulation of the uterus
  8. Tachystystole
22
Q

Uterine Stimulants

A

Include oxytocin (pitocin) which stimulate the smooth muscle of the uterus to increase force, frequency and duration of contractions.

23
Q

Medications for postpartum hemorrhage

A
  1. Ergot alkaloids
  2. Prostaglandin F
  3. Oxytocin
24
Q

Ergot alkaloids

A

Stimulate uterine contractions and produce arterial vasoconstriction.

Includes:

  • ergonovine maleate
  • methylergonovine maleate
25
Q

When should you stop pitocin infusion?

A

When there is hyperstimulation of the uterus.

26
Q

Contraindications for postpartum hemorrhage medications

A
  1. During pregnancy
  2. Cardiovascular disease
  3. PVD
  4. Hypertension
27
Q

Side effects of postpartum hemorrhage medications

A
  1. Nausea
  2. Cramping
  3. bradycardia
  4. Dysrhythmias
  5. MI
  6. Hypertension

NCLEX (48 decks)

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