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Med310A > Male Reproduction > Flashcards

Male Reproduction Flashcards

1
Q

The _____ is the primary reproductive organ(males) that produces immature gametes (spermatozoa )

A

Testes

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2
Q

_____ duct development in the male proceeds in the presence of androgenic steroids and mullerian inhibiting factor (MIF)

A

Wolffian

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3
Q

Wolffian duct development in the male proceeds in the presence of androgenic steroids and __________

A

Mullerian inhibiting factor (MIF)

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4
Q

During the later months of gestation the testes descend into the scrotum under the influence of _____

A

Testosterone

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5
Q

_________ describes the entire process of male gamete (spermatozoan) development

A

Spermatogenesis

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6
Q

________ status: twice the number of unique chromosomes (2N=46 for human cells )

A
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7
Q

Diploid status would have n or 2n ?

A

2n

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8
Q

How many chromosomes for diploid status ?

A

46

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9
Q

_____ status: number of unique chromosomes (N=23 for human gametes )

A

Haploid

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10
Q

Does haploid status have n or 2n ?

A

N

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11
Q

How many chromosomes for haploid status?

A

23

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12
Q

_______ are a diploid cell population in the male testis that undergo mitosis and over the male lifespan, providing a continuous supply of cells for gamete development

A

Spermatogonia

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13
Q

Spermatogonia are a _____ cell population in the male testis that undergo mitosis and over the male lifespan, providing a continuous supply of cells for gamete development

A

Diploid

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14
Q

Spermatogonia are a diploid cell population in the male ____ that undergo mitosis and over the male lifespan, providing a continuous supply of cells for gamete development

A

Testis

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15
Q

Spermatogonia are a diploid cell population in the male testis that undergo _____ and over the male lifespan, providing a continuous supply of cells for gamete development

A

Mitosis

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16
Q

Spermatogonia are a diploid cell population in the male testis that undergo mitosis and over the male lifespan, providing a continuous supply of cells for _____development

A

Gamete

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17
Q

______: a diploid cell derived by mitosis of Spermatogonia progenitor cells

A

Primary spermatocyte

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18
Q

Primary spermatocyte is a diploid cell derived by _____ of Spermatogonia progenitor cells

A

Mitosis

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19
Q

Primary spermatocyte is a diploid cell derived by mitosis of________ cells

A

Spermatogonia progenitor

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20
Q

Primary spermatocyte is A diploid cell derived
by mitosis of spermatogonial progenitor cells;
primary spermatocytes enter _____

A

Meiosis

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21
Q

______ is a haploid cell ( doubled dna strands) resulting from the completion of MI

A

Secondary spermatocyte

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22
Q

Secondary spermatocyte is a_____ cell (doubled dna strands) resulting from the completion of MI

A

Haploid

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23
Q

Secondary spermatocyte is a haploid cell (doubled dna strands) resulting from the completion of ____

A

MI

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24
Q

______ is a haploid cell (single dna strands) resulting from completion of MII

A

Spermatid

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25
Q

Spermatid is a haploid cell (single dna strands) resulting from completion of ____

A

MII

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26
Q

Spermatid is a___ cell (single dna strands) resulting from completion of MII

A

Haploid

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27
Q

_______ is a haploid gamete that has undergone specialized morphological change (by process of spermiogenesis )

A

Spermatozoan

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28
Q

Spermatozoan is a _____ gamete that has undergone specialized morphological change (by process of spermiogenesis )

A

Haploid

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29
Q

Spermatozoan is a haploid gamete that has undergone specialized morphological change (by process of_______ )

A

spermiogenesis

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30
Q

Sertoli cells are within or outside Of seminiferous tubules ?

A

Within

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31
Q

Leydig cells are within or outside Of seminiferous tubules ?

A

Outside

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32
Q

Are sertoli or leydig cells within the seminiferous tubules?

A

Sertoli

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33
Q

Are sertoli or leydig cells outside the seminiferous tubules?

A

Leydig

34
Q

_____ cells are supporting cells of the testes and are present within the seminiferous tubules

A

Sertoli

35
Q

Cell body of Sertoli cells spans from the perimeter of the tubule to the ____

A

Lumen

36
Q

Adjacent Sertoli cells attached by _____: cell-cell barrier to prevent immune cell-mediated reactions against proteins (antigens) unique to spermatogenesis

A

Tight junctions

37
Q

Sertoli cells are present within the _______

A

Seminiferous tubules

38
Q

______ barrier (akin to BBB, but sertoli-cell mediated)

A

Blood testis

39
Q

Sertoli cells provide nutrients to developing ____

A

Spermatozoa

40
Q

Sertoli cells have ____ function by engulfing excess cytoplasm shed via Spermatid remodelling and any abnormal gametes

A

Phagocytic

41
Q

Sertoli cells have phagocytic function by engulfing excess ____ shed via Spermatid remodelling and any abnormal gametes

A

Cytoplasm

42
Q

Sertoli cells secrete fluid into the ____ of the tubule to flush immobile sperm to the epididymis for maturation

A

Lumen

43
Q

Sertoli cells secrete _____ to bind testosterone and keep local concentration ver high in the tubules

A

Antigen binding protein (ABP)

44
Q

_____ cells are supporting cells of the testis and are prone t BETWEEN the seminiferous tubules

A

Leydig

45
Q

____ cells produce testosterone under the influence of LH from the anterior pituitary gland

A

Leydig

46
Q

Leydig cells produce ___ under the influence of LH from the anterior pituitary

A

Testosterone

47
Q

Leydig cells produce testosterone under the influence of __ from the anterior pituitary

A

LH

48
Q

Leydig cells produce testosterone under the influence of LH from the _____ gland

A

Anterior pituitary

49
Q

_____ is the process of morphological transformation of the round Spermatid into a specialized form

A

Spermiogenesis

50
Q

Spermiogenesis is the process of morphological transformation of the round ____ into a specialized form

A

Spermatid

51
Q

Spermatozoa complete their maturation in the ____ they are also stored ad concentrated there

A

Epididymis

52
Q

______complete their maturation in the epididymis where they are also stored and concentrated

A

Spermatozoa

53
Q

What are the 4 parts of a mature spermatozoan ?

A

Acrosome
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Microtubules

54
Q

What part is within the head portion of a spermatozoan?
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Microtubules
Acrosome

A

Acrosome
Nucleus

55
Q

What part is within the mid piece portion of a spermatozoan?
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Microtubules
Acrosome

A

Mitochondria

56
Q

What part is within the tail (flagellum) portion of a spermatozoan?
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Microtubules
Acrosome

A

Microtubules

57
Q

The tail of a mature spermatozoan is also called the ___

A

Flagellum

58
Q

Optimal temperature for spermatogenesis in ____degrees less tan body temperature

A

2/3

59
Q

Testes hang lower or retract towards the abdomen in a muscular reflex according to external ____ changes

A

Temperature

60
Q

This muscle controls the retracting/lowering of the testes according to external temperature changes

A

Cremaster

61
Q

This component of the male reproductive system is a pair located in scrotum, and produces sperm + secretes testosterone

A

Testis

62
Q

The ____ is a skin-covered sac suspended within the angle between the legs

A

Scrotum

63
Q

The _____ and _____ are a pair that serve as sperms exit route from the testes and serve as a tie for maturation of sperm for motility and fertility as well as concentrate/store sperm

A

Epididymis and ductus deferens

64
Q

The ____ is a pair tat both empty into the last portion of the ductus deferens, one on each side. It supplies fructose to nourish the ejaculated sperm, secretes prostaglandins that stimulate motility to help transport sperm within male and female. Provides the bulk of semen and as well as precursors for the clotting of semen

A

Seminal vesicles

65
Q

The ____ gland completely surrounds the urethra at the neck of the bladder and secretes alkaline fluid that neutralizes the acidic vaginal secretions and triggers clotting of the semen to keep sperm in the vagina during penis withdrawal

A

Prostate

66
Q

_________ gland is a pair that empty into the urethra (one on each side ) just before the urethra enters the penis and secretes mucus for lubrication

A

Bulbourethral

67
Q

Spermatozoa + secretions of accessory sex organs = _____

A

Semen

68
Q

Ph of semen is normally >_____

A

7.1

69
Q

Color of semen is normally ____

A

White light yellowish

70
Q

Time to liquify semen is normally ___ minutes

A

60

71
Q

Volume of semen is normally ___ mL after 5 day abstinence

A

1.5

72
Q

Concentration of semen is normally an average of ___ million/mL

A

15

73
Q

The _______ axis controls GNRH and FSH+LH

A

Hypothalamic pituitary gonadal (HPG)

74
Q

The HPG axis :
Hypothalamic peptide hormone :______
Anterior pituitary peptide hormones: ______+ _____

A

GNRH
FSH + LH

75
Q

LH acts on ___ cells to produce testosterone

A

Leydig

76
Q

___ acts on leydig cells to produce testosterone

A

Lh

77
Q

Lh acts on ;ending cells to produce ____

A

Testosterone

78
Q

Testosterone (T) and FSH acts on ___ cells to support spermatogenesis

A

Sertoli

79
Q

Testosterone (T) and FSH acts on sertoli cells to support______

A

spermatogenesis

80
Q

__ and ___ act on Sertoli cells to support spermatogenesis

A

T and FSH

81
Q

T & LH production inhibin from Sertoli cells on FSH is a ___ feedback

A

Neg

82
Q

_____ characteristics are those that distinguish males and females , established and maintained by reproductive hormones

A

Secondary sex

Med310A (29 decks)

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