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Male Reproduction Flashcards

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1
Q

The _____ is the primary reproductive organ(males) that produces immature gametes (spermatozoa )

A

Testes

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2
Q

_____ duct development in the male proceeds in the presence of androgenic steroids and mullerian inhibiting factor (MIF)

A

Wolffian

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3
Q

Wolffian duct development in the male proceeds in the presence of androgenic steroids and __________

A

Mullerian inhibiting factor (MIF)

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4
Q

During the later months of gestation the testes descend into the scrotum under the influence of _____

A

Testosterone

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5
Q

_________ describes the entire process of male gamete (spermatozoan) development

A

Spermatogenesis

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6
Q

________ status: twice the number of unique chromosomes (2N=46 for human cells )

A
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7
Q

Diploid status would have n or 2n ?

A

2n

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8
Q

How many chromosomes for diploid status ?

A

46

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9
Q

_____ status: number of unique chromosomes (N=23 for human gametes )

A

Haploid

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10
Q

Does haploid status have n or 2n ?

A

N

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11
Q

How many chromosomes for haploid status?

A

23

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12
Q

_______ are a diploid cell population in the male testis that undergo mitosis and over the male lifespan, providing a continuous supply of cells for gamete development

A

Spermatogonia

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13
Q

Spermatogonia are a _____ cell population in the male testis that undergo mitosis and over the male lifespan, providing a continuous supply of cells for gamete development

A

Diploid

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14
Q

Spermatogonia are a diploid cell population in the male ____ that undergo mitosis and over the male lifespan, providing a continuous supply of cells for gamete development

A

Testis

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15
Q

Spermatogonia are a diploid cell population in the male testis that undergo _____ and over the male lifespan, providing a continuous supply of cells for gamete development

A

Mitosis

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16
Q

Spermatogonia are a diploid cell population in the male testis that undergo mitosis and over the male lifespan, providing a continuous supply of cells for _____development

A

Gamete

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17
Q

______: a diploid cell derived by mitosis of Spermatogonia progenitor cells

A

Primary spermatocyte

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18
Q

Primary spermatocyte is a diploid cell derived by _____ of Spermatogonia progenitor cells

A

Mitosis

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19
Q

Primary spermatocyte is a diploid cell derived by mitosis of________ cells

A

Spermatogonia progenitor

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20
Q

Primary spermatocyte is A diploid cell derived
by mitosis of spermatogonial progenitor cells;
primary spermatocytes enter _____

A

Meiosis

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21
Q

______ is a haploid cell ( doubled dna strands) resulting from the completion of MI

A

Secondary spermatocyte

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22
Q

Secondary spermatocyte is a_____ cell (doubled dna strands) resulting from the completion of MI

A

Haploid

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23
Q

Secondary spermatocyte is a haploid cell (doubled dna strands) resulting from the completion of ____

A

MI

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24
Q

______ is a haploid cell (single dna strands) resulting from completion of MII

A

Spermatid

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25
Spermatid is a haploid cell (single dna strands) resulting from completion of ____
MII
26
Spermatid is a___ cell (single dna strands) resulting from completion of MII
Haploid
27
_______ is a haploid gamete that has undergone specialized morphological change (by process of spermiogenesis )
Spermatozoan
28
Spermatozoan is a _____ gamete that has undergone specialized morphological change (by process of spermiogenesis )
Haploid
29
Spermatozoan is a haploid gamete that has undergone specialized morphological change (by process of_______ )
spermiogenesis
30
Sertoli cells are within or outside Of seminiferous tubules ?
Within
31
Leydig cells are within or outside Of seminiferous tubules ?
Outside
32
Are sertoli or leydig cells within the seminiferous tubules?
Sertoli
33
Are sertoli or leydig cells outside the seminiferous tubules?
Leydig
34
_____ cells are supporting cells of the testes and are present within the seminiferous tubules
Sertoli
35
Cell body of Sertoli cells spans from the perimeter of the tubule to the ____
Lumen
36
Adjacent Sertoli cells attached by _____: cell-cell barrier to prevent immune cell-mediated reactions against proteins (antigens) unique to spermatogenesis
Tight junctions
37
Sertoli cells are present within the _______
Seminiferous tubules
38
______ barrier (akin to BBB, but sertoli-cell mediated)
Blood testis
39
Sertoli cells provide nutrients to developing ____
Spermatozoa
40
Sertoli cells have ____ function by engulfing excess cytoplasm shed via Spermatid remodelling and any abnormal gametes
Phagocytic
41
Sertoli cells have phagocytic function by engulfing excess ____ shed via Spermatid remodelling and any abnormal gametes
Cytoplasm
42
Sertoli cells secrete fluid into the ____ of the tubule to flush immobile sperm to the epididymis for maturation
Lumen
43
Sertoli cells secrete _____ to bind testosterone and keep local concentration ver high in the tubules
Antigen binding protein (ABP)
44
_____ cells are supporting cells of the testis and are prone t BETWEEN the seminiferous tubules
Leydig
45
____ cells produce testosterone under the influence of LH from the anterior pituitary gland
Leydig
46
Leydig cells produce ___ under the influence of LH from the anterior pituitary
Testosterone
47
Leydig cells produce testosterone under the influence of __ from the anterior pituitary
LH
48
Leydig cells produce testosterone under the influence of LH from the _____ gland
Anterior pituitary
49
_____ is the process of morphological transformation of the round Spermatid into a specialized form
Spermiogenesis
50
Spermiogenesis is the process of morphological transformation of the round ____ into a specialized form
Spermatid
51
Spermatozoa complete their maturation in the ____ they are also stored ad concentrated there
Epididymis
52
______complete their maturation in the epididymis where they are also stored and concentrated
Spermatozoa
53
What are the 4 parts of a mature spermatozoan ?
Acrosome Nucleus Mitochondria Microtubules
54
What part is within the head portion of a spermatozoan? Mitochondria Nucleus Microtubules Acrosome
Acrosome Nucleus
55
What part is within the mid piece portion of a spermatozoan? Mitochondria Nucleus Microtubules Acrosome
Mitochondria
56
What part is within the tail (flagellum) portion of a spermatozoan? Mitochondria Nucleus Microtubules Acrosome
Microtubules
57
The tail of a mature spermatozoan is also called the ___
Flagellum
58
Optimal temperature for spermatogenesis in ____degrees less tan body temperature
2/3
59
Testes hang lower or retract towards the abdomen in a muscular reflex according to external ____ changes
Temperature
60
This muscle controls the retracting/lowering of the testes according to external temperature changes
Cremaster
61
This component of the male reproductive system is a pair located in scrotum, and produces sperm + secretes testosterone
Testis
62
The ____ is a skin-covered sac suspended within the angle between the legs
Scrotum
63
The _____ and _____ are a pair that serve as sperms exit route from the testes and serve as a tie for maturation of sperm for motility and fertility as well as concentrate/store sperm
Epididymis and ductus deferens
64
The ____ is a pair tat both empty into the last portion of the ductus deferens, one on each side. It supplies fructose to nourish the ejaculated sperm, secretes prostaglandins that stimulate motility to help transport sperm within male and female. Provides the bulk of semen and as well as precursors for the clotting of semen
Seminal vesicles
65
The ____ gland completely surrounds the urethra at the neck of the bladder and secretes alkaline fluid that neutralizes the acidic vaginal secretions and triggers clotting of the semen to keep sperm in the vagina during penis withdrawal
Prostate
66
_________ gland is a pair that empty into the urethra (one on each side ) just before the urethra enters the penis and secretes mucus for lubrication
Bulbourethral
67
Spermatozoa + secretions of accessory sex organs = _____
Semen
68
Ph of semen is normally >_____
7.1
69
Color of semen is normally ____
White light yellowish
70
Time to liquify semen is normally ___ minutes
60
71
Volume of semen is normally ___ mL after 5 day abstinence
1.5
72
Concentration of semen is normally an average of ___ million/mL
15
73
The _______ axis controls GNRH and FSH+LH
Hypothalamic pituitary gonadal (HPG)
74
The HPG axis : Hypothalamic peptide hormone :______ Anterior pituitary peptide hormones: ______+ _____
GNRH FSH + LH
75
LH acts on ___ cells to produce testosterone
Leydig
76
___ acts on leydig cells to produce testosterone
Lh
77
Lh acts on ;ending cells to produce ____
Testosterone
78
Testosterone (T) and FSH acts on ___ cells to support spermatogenesis
Sertoli
79
Testosterone (T) and FSH acts on sertoli cells to support______
spermatogenesis
80
__ and ___ act on Sertoli cells to support spermatogenesis
T and FSH
81
T & LH production inhibin from Sertoli cells on FSH is a ___ feedback
Neg
82
_____ characteristics are those that distinguish males and females , established and maintained by reproductive hormones
Secondary sex

Med310A (29 decks)

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