AUTONOMIC NS

Question 1

Involuntary body functions =____
Voluntary body functions = _____

Answer 1

Autonomous
Somatic

Question 2

What are the 2 divisions of the autonomic nervous system ?

Answer 2

Sympathetic
Parasympathetic

Question 3

_______ is a dynamic balance between the autonomic branches

Answer 3

Homeostasis

Question 4

Rest and digest : _______

Answer 4

Parasympathetic

Question 5

Fight or flight = ____

Answer 5

Sympathetic

Question 6

The basic structure of an autonomic pathway consists of the CNS to _______ before reaching the target tissue

Answer 6

Autonomic ganglion

Question 7

What Autonomic control centre in the brain :
-Water balance
-Temperature
- hunger

Answer 7

Hypothalamus

Question 8

What Autonomic control centre in the brain :
- pupillary reflex

Answer 8

Midbrain

Question 9

What Autonomic control centre in the brain :
-Respiration
-urinary bladder

Answer 9

Pons

Question 10

What Autonomic control centre in the brain :
-respiration
- cardiac
-vomiting
-swallowing

Answer 10

Medulla

Question 11

What Autonomic control centre in the brain :
-visceral reflex

Answer 11

Spinal cord

Question 12

Autonomic pathways consist of 2 neurons that synapse in an autonomic ganglion, what are these called ?

Answer 12

Preganglionic
Post ganglionic

Question 13

At the target organ, the sympathetic nerves use _____ and the parasympathetic nerves use ____ to induce actions

Answer 13

norepinephrine
Acetylcholine

Question 14

Sympathetic pathways originate in the ___ and ____ region of spinal cord this system provides sympathetic innervation of the entire body

Answer 14

Thoracic
Lumbar

Question 15

_____ neurons are in spina cord segments T1-L2

Answer 15

Preganglionic

Question 16

______fibres (white ramus) enter the ganglionic chain
______ fibres (grey ramus) join the corresponding spinal nerves to target

Answer 16

Presynaptic
Post ganglionic

Question 17

The _____ serves as postsynaptic sympathetic neurons. These neurons do not have axons to reach their targets, they release, instead, transmitters into blood which circulates entire body: the transmitters are ____(20%) and _____(80%)

Answer 17

Norepinephrine
Epinephrine

Question 18

Salivary gland and eye smooth muscles are innervated by lll, Vll and lX _____ nerves

Answer 18

Cranial

Question 19

The ______ nerve (CN X) descends and wanders through the thoracic and abdominal cavities innervating all viscera there

Answer 19

Vagus

Question 20

The ____ cord (S2-4) gives rise to parasympathetic fibres that innervate the pelvic organs

Answer 20

Sacral

Question 21

Peripheral arterioles and sweat glands are innervated by _____ nerves only

Answer 21

Sympathetic

Question 22

The _______ contains about 75% of all parasympathetic fibres.
-provides parasympathetic innervation to all coverage organs except for the pelvic organs

Answer 22

Vagus nerve

Question 23

The _____(S2-4) provides parasympathetic innervation to pelvic region

Answer 23

Sacral

Question 24

parasympathetic _____ are located either in or near target organs
Consist of __________ axons and ________ axons

Answer 24

Ganglia
Long Pre ganglionic
Short post ganglionic

Question 25

_______ division : Origin of fibres: thoracolumbar region Length of fibres: short pre ganglionic, long post ganglionic Location of ganglia: close to spinal cord

Answer 25

Sympathetic

Question 26

______ division : Origin of fibres: cranial/sacral Length of fibres: long Preganglionic, short post ganglionic Location of ganglia: visceral effector organs

Answer 26

Parasympathetic

Question 27

What region is the origin of fibres in sympathetic division ?

Answer 27

Thoracolumbar region

Question 28

What region is the origin of fibres in parasympathetic division ?

Answer 28

Cranial/sacral

Question 29

Describe length of fibres in sympathetic division ______ preganglionic _____post ganglionic

Answer 29

Short Long

Question 30

Describe length of fibres in parasympathetic division ______ preganglionic _____post ganglionic

Answer 30

Long Short

Question 31

What is the Location of ganglia in sympathetic division ?

Answer 31

Close to spinal cord

Question 32

What is the Location of ganglia in parasympathetic division ?

Answer 32

Visceral effector organs

Question 33

The ___ organs are under antagonistic control of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves

Answer 33

Visceral

Question 34

_______ receptors bind to norepinephrine and epinephrine

Answer 34

Adrenergic receptors

Question 35

______ receptors - all effector cells stimulated by post ganglionic cholinergic fibres (parasympathetic fibres to target organs)

Answer 35

Muscarinic

Question 36

The effect of ____ at muscarinic receptors can be inhibitory or excitatory and depends on receptor subtypes of target organ

Answer 36

Acetylcholine

Question 37

Effects of _____ depends on which subclass of receptor predominates on the target organ

Answer 37

Norepinephrine

Question 38

Autonomic effectors : ___ and ___ muscles some _____ and ____ glands Some ______ tissue

Answer 38

Smooth and cardiac Endocrine and exocrine Adipose