Magnesium Sulfate (MgSO4) Flashcards
1
Q
MgSO4 - Class
A
Naturally occurring cation
2
Q
MgSO4 - Actions
A
- Cation present in intercellular fluids; important for enzymatic reactions & muscular excitability
- Blocks neuromuscular transmission & decreases the amount of ACh released
- Relaxes smooth muscle & inhibits histamine release
3
Q
MgSO4 - Indications
A
- Cardiac arrest if torsades de pointes or hypomagnesemia (alcoholism/malnutrition) are suspected
- Torsades do pointes with a pulse or AMI with hypomagnesemia
- Life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias secondary to digitalis toxicity
- Eclamptic seizures (severe toxemia of pregnancy) after midazolam & OLMC consult
- Severe asthma/status asthmaticus not responsive to Beta-adrenergic drugs (after OLMC consult)
4
Q
MgSO4 - Dosage/Route
A
- Cardiac arrest (suspected torsades de pointes or hypomagnesemia):
- 1-2 grams (2-4 ml of 50% solution) diluted in 10 ml NS , IV/IO
- Torsades with a pulse / hypomagnesemia / digitalis toxicity:
- 1-2 grams (2-4 ml of 50% solution) diluted in 50-100 ml NS , IV over 5-60 min
- Eclampsia or severe asthma:
- 2-4 grams (4-6 ml of 50% solution) PER CONSULT WITH OLMC
5
Q
MgSO4 - Side Effects
A
In the non-arrest pt may cause:
- HoTN
- Respiratory depression
- Decreased reflexes
6
Q
MgSO4 - Contraindications
A
- Heart block
- Renal failure
- Evidence of myocardial damage
7
Q
MgSO4 - Special Information
A
- Dilute each 1 gram (2ml) of 50% solution before admin
- Use with extreme caution (only with OLMC consult) for pts with preexisting hypomagnesemia (typical renal failure pts)
- Admin may be accompanied by a sensation of generalized warmth & visible flushing due to peripheral vasodilation
- Discontinue admin as the desired effect is obtained
- 50% = 500 mg/ml
8
Q
MgSO4 - Pediatric Note
A
- Refer to Pediatric Drug Guide
- Suspected torsades de pointes/suspected hypomagnesemia/asthma:
- 25-50 mg/kg slow IV/IO push over 15-30 min
- IV/IO push over 1-2 min for suspected torsades de pointes
- Max dose of 2 grams
