Liver Flashcards
What divides parenchyma into lobules?
CT capsule extends septa (trabeculae) of CT
Porta hepatis
Thickening of capsule at hilum on inferior side where dual blood supply enter/exit
Dual blood supply of liver
Hepatic portal vein & hepatic artery
- enter at porta hepatis
What exits at the porta hepatis?
Hepatic vein, lymphatics, common hepatic duct (bile)
Bile exits the liver via the ____
Common hepatic duct
Major blood supply of liver
Hepatic portal vein (75%)
Main parenchyma cell of liver
Hepatocyte
What is a hepatocyte?
Epithelial cell with apical microvilli (at sinusoidal membrane)
Liver parenchyma is organized as thousands of ____
Hepatic lobules
In hepatic lobules, hepatocytes form irregular plates arranged in cords around a ____
Central vein
What is at each corner of hepatic lobules?
Portal triad
Components of portal triad
- Branch of bile duct
- Branch of hepatic portal vein
- Branch of hepatic artery
Hepatic portal vein is rich in ____, low in ____
Nutrients
O2
Hepatic artery supplies…
Less blood but most O2
Space of mall (periportal space)
Space around portal triad where lymph originates in liver
Between portal triads & central vein, rows of hepatocytes alternate with rows of ____
Sinusoids
What are sinusoids?
Discontinuous, fenestrated capillaries where arterial & venous blood mix
Blood leaves the hepatic lobule at the ____
Central vein
Major physiologic function of liver
Produces bile: exocrine release into bile canaliculi & ducts -> gallbladder
All physiological functions of the liver are performed by ____
Hepatocytes
Structure of biliary tree
Bile canaliculi -> canals of hering-> bile ductules
Hepatocytes produce ____
Bile
What is bile?
Fluid for excretion of bilirubin
What is bilirubin?
Byproduct of Hb (RBC) breakdown
bile is involved in absorption of ____
fats in the gut
apical hepatocyte surfaces form ____
bile canaliculi
exocrine secretion of bile from hepatocytes initially enter ____
bile canaliculi
bile canaliculi empty into ____
canals of Hering
canals of Hering are composed of epithelial cells called ____
cholangiocytes
canals of Hering merge at the portal triad area with ____
bile ductules
location of space of Disse (perisinusoidal space)
space between surfaces of hepatocytes and endothelial cells that line sinusoids
function of space of Disse
site of exchange of materials between blood & liver cells
what are Kupffer cells?
- macrophages within sinusoidal lining
- APCs that remove bacteria & debris
- recognize & phagocytose aged RBCs
function of hepatic stellate cells (Ito cells)
- store vit A and other fat-soluble vitamins
- can also synthesize ECM
