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NYCC Histology > Cartilage & Bone > Flashcards

Cartilage & Bone Flashcards

1
Q

What type of collagen predominates in cartilage?

A

Type 2 collagen

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2
Q

Canals that travel transversely between Haversian canals (Osteons) carrying blood vessels and nerves are called _______

A

Volkmann canals

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3
Q

cartilage is a tough, durable, ____ CT

A

avascular

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4
Q

cartilage contains a highly specialized ECM and cells called ____

A

chondrocytes

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5
Q

ECM of cartilage

A
  • firm, somewhat pliable
  • contains no other cell types
  • GAGs and type 2 collagen
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6
Q

chondrocytes function

A

synthesize and maintain components of ECM

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7
Q

chondrocytes are located in cavities called ____

A

lacunae

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8
Q

sheath of dense irregular CT surrounding cartilage in most places

A

perichondrium

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9
Q

types of cartilage

A

hyaline
elastic
fibrocartilage

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10
Q

hyaline cartilage

location

A
  • articular surfaces of moveable joints
  • epiphyseal plates of long bones
  • embryo
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11
Q

distinguished by a homogeneous amorphous ECM

A

hyaline cartilage

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12
Q

macromolecules of hyaline cartilage ECM

A
  • collagen (type 2)
  • proteoglycans
  • multiadhesive glycoproteins
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13
Q

chondrocytes in hyaline cartilage are distributed either singularly or in clusters called ____ groups

A

isogenous

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14
Q

isogenous groups represent ____

A

cells that have recently divided
newly divided chondrocytes produce territorial matrix that surrounds them

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15
Q

territorial matrix

A

deeper staining area of ECM closest to chondrocytes
richer in GAGs than collagen fibers

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16
Q

interterritorial

A

lighter staining ECM region occupying space between groups of chondrocytes

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17
Q

outer layer or ____ of perichondrium consists of ____

A

fibrous layer consists of type 1 collagen & fibroblasts

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18
Q

inner layer or ____ of perichondrium consists of ____

A

chondrogenic layer consists of type 1 collagen & chondroblasts

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19
Q

the perichondrium consists of ____

A

type 1 collagen

20
Q

all hyaline cartilage has a perichondrium except ____

A

articular cartilage

21
Q

growth of cartilage

A

interstitual
appositional

22
Q

isogenous groups represent ____ growth

A

interstitial growth

23
Q

interstitial growth

A
  • growth from within cartilage proper
  • chondrocytes divide -> isogenous groups
24
Q

appositional growth

A

maturation of cells from perichondrium:
fibroblast-> chondroblast-> chondrocyte

25
Q

elastic cartilage is distinguished by ____ in a meshwork of ____

A

elastic fibers in type 2 collagen fibrils

26
Q

locations of elastic cartilage

A

external ear
auditory tubes
epiglottis

27
Q

elastic cartilage is surrounded by ____

A

perichondrium

28
Q

presence of perichondrium indicates ____ growth

A

appositional

29
Q

fibrocartilage is a combination of ____ and ____

A

dense CT and hyaline cartilage

30
Q

fibrocartilage

location

A
  • IVD
  • temporomandibular & SC joints
  • meniscus
  • pubic symphysis
  • certain ligaments
31
Q

fibrocartilage

function

A

resistance of compressive & shearing forces

32
Q

herring bone pattern location

A

fibrocartilage (chondrocytes in lacunae)

33
Q

fibrocartilage ECM contains ____ and ____

A

type 1 and 2 collagen

34
Q

is fibrocartilage surrounded by perichondrium?

A

no -> interstitial growth

35
Q

chondrogenesis

A

formation of cartilage from embryonic mesenchyme

36
Q

bone CT is characterized by a ____ ECM

A

mineralized ECM (hydroxyapatite crystals)

37
Q

hydroxyapatite crystals

A

calcium phosphate in ECM of bone

38
Q

bone ECM contains mainly ____

A

type 1 collagen

39
Q

other matrix proteins in bone ECM

A

osteonectin

40
Q

osteonectin

A

glue between collagen & hydroxyapatite crystals

41
Q

bone cells

A

osteoprogenitor cells
osteoblasts
osteocytes
osteoclasts

42
Q

osteoprogenitor cells arise from ____

A

mesenchymal stem cells

43
Q

osteoprogenitor cells give rise to ____

A

osteoblasts

44
Q

osteoprogenitor cells location

A

external & internal surfaces of bone

45
Q

only bone cell to undergo division

A

osteoprogenitor cells

46
Q
A

NYCC Histology (21 decks)

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