Lipid metabolism Flashcards
receptors for chylomicron remnants
ApoE specific
VLDL remnant maybe converted into
LDL
chylomicron remnants are CATABOLIZED where
liver
elevated plasma level projects against artherotherosclerosis
HDL
cholesterol is transported from liver to extrahepatic tissues
LDL
triglycerides are transported from liver to extrahepatic tissues
VLDL
nascent chylomicron receives apolipoproteins C& E from
HDL
apolipoprotein B-100 is present in
VLDL&LDL
apolipoprotein B-48 is present in
chylomicrons
familial hypercholesterolemia is associated with
increased LDL concentration
conversion of fatty acyl-CoA derivative having 2 more carbon atoms involves as acetyl donor
Malonyl-CoA
the rate limiting step of cholesterol biosynthesis is
HMG CoA reductase
compound normally used to conjugate bile acids is
glycine
B-oxidation of fatty acid chain produces
propionyl CoA
chain elongation of fatty acids occurring in mammalian liver takes place in which of the following subcellular factions of the cell
microrosomes
LCAT is
lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase
the protein which is infact a multifunctional enzyme complex in higher organism is
fatty acid synthesis
class of lipoproteins having a beneficial effect in artherosclerosis is
HDL
the major source of cholesterol in arterial smooth muscle cells is from
LDL
long chain fatty acyl CoA esters are transported across the mitochondria membrane by
carnitine
the acetyl CoA formed on B-oxidation of all chain fatty acids is metabolized under normal circumstances to
CO2 and water
in B-oxidation of fatty acids, what are utilized as coenzymes
FAD & NAD
the most important sources of reducing equivalents for FA synthesis in the liver is
HMP-shunt
as a result of each oxidation a long chain fatty acid is cleaved to give
an acid with Z-carbon less & acetyl CoA
committed step in the biosynthesis of cholesterol from acetyl CoA is
formation of mevalinate from HMG CoA
Acyl carrier protein is involved in the synthesis of
fatty acid outside the mitochondria
ligated triacyglycerols are emulsified in the intestine by
bile salts
the key enzyme in the regulation of fatty acid synthesis is
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
in the intestine, the dietary fat are hydrolized by
pancreatic lipase
chain elongation of fatty acids occurring in mammalian liver takes place in which of the following subcellular fractions of the cell
microsomes
B-oxidation of odd-carbon fatty acid chain produces
propionyl CoA
long chain fatty acids enters mitochondria by
combing with carrier carnite
HMG-CoA reductase is rate limiting enzyme of
cholesterol synthesis
ketone bodies is synthesized from
Acetyl-Coa
during starvation ketone bodies are synthesized in
Liver
low carb diet with bad breath is due to
increased beta oxidization due to increased activity of hormone sensitive lipase with subsequent increased in ketone bodies in plasma
the reducing equivalents necessary for fatty acid synthesis are produced during the conversion of
glucose-6-phosphate to ribose-5-phosphate
TRUE of fatty acid synthase enzyme complex
The monomers are arranged in a head to tail configuration
The phosphopanthetheine side chain is part of which sub-unit of fatty acid synthase enzyme complex
acyl carrier protein
The committed step for the Beta-oxidation of FAs is inhibited by increased concentration of:
malonyl-coA
The complete ATP yield of a saturated C16 FA is
106
Condition that accelerates ketogenesis
decreased insulin/glucagon ratio
Ketone bodies can be utilized by extra-hepatic tissues because of this enzyme
succinyl coA acetoacetate coA
SCAC
This disease results from the accumulation of phytanic acid in the brain and kidneys of patients:
Refsums disease
TRUE regarding apo-proteins
Apo D is present exclusively in HDL
The concentration of this lipoprotein is inversely related to the incidence of coronary artery disease
HDL(2)
Which receptors are actively involved in reverse cholesterol transport?
SR-B1
The only part of an odd-chain fatty acid that is glucogenic is:
propionyl coA
A patient with phenylketonuria has fair skin and blue eyes due to low levels of
tyrosine
Thromboxane
⮞ stimulates _________
⮞ vaso______
⮞ stimulates platelet aggregation
⮞ vasoconstriction
Prostacyclin
⮞ Inhibit _______
⮞ vaso________
⮞ Inhibits platelet aggregation
⮞ vasodilation
