2nd sem: Gene expression

Question 1

The initial start codon is AUG which translates as?

Answer 1

Methionine

Question 2

The 3rd phase of eukaryotic cell division?

Answer 2

G2 phase

Question 3

The parent strand runs in a _____ direction

Answer 3

5’-3’

Question 4

Since the parent strand runs in a 5’-3’ direction and the newly synthesized strand runs in a 3’-5’ direction, the characteristic of this proves it is

Answer 4

anti-parallel to one another

Question 5

What must occur first before the M phase according to the cell cycle?

Answer 5

S phase (DNA replication)

Question 6

the genetic code is made up of what?

Answer 6

3 nucleotide residues (which makes up a codon)

Question 7

In the unwinding of DNA, DNA polymerase uses only ____ as a template

Answer 7

ssDNA

Question 8

what enzyme is used for unwinding the short segments of DNA?

Answer 8

helicases

Question 9

What type of topoisomerase makes transient breaks on both strands of DNA?

Answer 9

DNA topoisomerase II

Question 10

DNA topoisomerase I does not use ATP but rather uses the energy from?

Answer 10

energy that is released from the cleaving of phosphodiester bond of the duplex

Question 11

Direction of synthesis of RNA primer

Answer 11

5’-3’ direction

Question 12

DNA polymerase elongation step of adding new DNA strand runs in a

Answer 12

5’-3’ direction

Question 13

It is the cytoplasmic RNA acting as a template for protein synthesis

Answer 13

mRNA

Question 14

Major enzyme for replication?

Answer 14

DNA pol III

Question 15

Major enzyme for transcription?

Answer 15

RNA polymerase

Question 16

Type of RNA: termed as cellular machinery for protein synthesis

Answer 16

rRNA (recall: peptidyl transferase)

Question 17

Type of RNA: carries specific amino acids in peptides

Answer 17

tRNA

Question 18

Type of RNA: process products of transcriptional units

Answer 18

miRNA

Question 19

Recognizes specific DNA sequences (palindrome sequences)

Answer 19

restriction endonuclease

Question 20

DNA polymerase activity: Unidirectional; works on terminal nucleotides

Answer 20

EXOnuclease

Question 21

DNA Polymerase activity: Internal phosphodiester bond specific

Answer 21

ENDOnuclease

Question 22

For eukaryotic DNA polymerase, DNA pol ___ is the counterpart of DNA pol III in prokaryotes

Answer 22

DNA polymerase epsilon

Question 23

For eukaryotic DNA polymerase, DNA pol ___ is the counterpart of DNA pol I in prokaryotes

Answer 23

DNA polymerase delta

Question 24

DNA polymerase B-subunit major role is for ____

Answer 24

DNA repair

Question 25

In eukaryotes, DNA polymerase gamma (y) unit replicates ______

Answer 25

mitochondrial DNA

Question 26

Prokaryotic: DNA pol III alpha: polymerase activity
Eukaryotic: DNA polymerase alpha: ________

Answer 26

primase activity

Question 27

DNA polymerase delta has 3’-exonuclease activity in the _______ strand of DNA

Answer 27

Lagging strand

Question 28

DNA polymerase epsilon has 3’-exonuclease activity in the _______ strand of DNA

Answer 28

Leading strand

Question 29

5’-3’ exonuclease functions to

Answer 29

remove RNA primer

Question 30

what is the reverse transcriptase used for preventing progressive shortening of the lagging strand?

Answer 30

telomerase

Question 31

Intervening segments of DNA that do not code for the amino acid sequence of polypeptide

Answer 31

Introns (as in INtervene)

Question 32

Coding segments of the gene

Answer 32

Exons (EXpress)

Question 33

small unit of DNA that is INTACT so that it can transmit genetic information

Answer 33

CIStron (SIS may chika ako sayo)

Question 34

In prokaryotic gene, the TATAAT/Prinbow box confers the fidelity of

Answer 34

initiation for transcription (directs saan pupunta ang RNA polymerase)

Question 35

In eukaryotic gene, the _______ box provides the “where” signal and confers fidelity of initiation for transcription

Answer 35

TATA/hogness box

Question 36

In eukaryotes, the CAAT box functions to ____

Answer 36

determine the FREQUENCY of transcription initiation

Question 37

In prokaryotes, TGTTGACA is the

Answer 37

frequency signal (ilang times need mag transcribe ang sequences)

Question 38

What protein is ESSENTIAL for chain termination for eukaryotes?

Answer 38

Rho protein (recall: 2 types, dependent and independent)

Question 39

stop codons:

Answer 39

UAG
UGA
UAA

Question 40

where is mRNA derived from in eukaryotes?

Answer 40

hRNA