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BIOCHEMISTRY > 2nd semester: Vitamins 1, 2 > Flashcards

2nd semester: Vitamins 1, 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what type of vitamin is less prone to toxicity

A

WATER- soluble vitamins

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2
Q

this is also called the anti beriberi/ neuritic vitamin

A

vitamin B1- thiamine

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3
Q

most important co-enzyme form of thiamine

A

TPP(thiamine pyrophosphate)

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4
Q

basis for quantitative determination of thiamine (B1)

A

potassium ferricyanide (KFC)

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5
Q

primary connection of thiamine functions

A

carbohydrate metabolism

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6
Q

husks of rice is abundant in this vitamin

A

thiamine

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7
Q

TPP(thiamine pyrophosphate) is the 1st coenzyme of this complex

A

pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

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8
Q

vitamin that has a central role in energy-yielding metabolism

A

thiamine

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9
Q

ENZYME most commonly used for measuring thiamine status in the body

A

transketolase (HMP- shunt)

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10
Q

this form of thiamine is important in the metabolism of nerve tissues

A

TTP(thiamine triphosphate) (morale vitamin)

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11
Q

may or may not be manifested by heart failure or edema-usually causes neurological symptoms

A

chronic peripheral neuritis(BERIBERI)

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12
Q

type of beriberi that can kill because it can cause heart failure “fulminating”

A

shoshin beriberi (Acute pernicious)

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13
Q

thiamine deficiency commonly seen in chronic alcoholics

A

wernicke-korsakoff syndrome

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14
Q

also called vitamin G or lactoflavin

A

vitamin B2- Riboflavin

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15
Q

most active coenzyme form of ribolfavin

A

FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide)

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16
Q

enzymes involved in oxidation-reduction reactions

A

flavoproteins (B2)

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17
Q

the best flavin requiring enzyme for assaying riboflavin status

A

gluathione reductase

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18
Q

vitamin that can be synthesized in the body for the essential amino acid trytophan

A

Vitamin B3- Niacin

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19
Q

needed to convert tryptophan to serotonin

A

B6

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20
Q

3 Ds of niacin deficiency

A

dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia

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21
Q

a B6 major coenzyme form transported in the plasma

A

Pyridoxal phosphate

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22
Q

major excretory product of B6

A

4-PYRIDOXIC ACID

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23
Q

if you dont have B6 and cant form heme which leads to no hemoglobin, its manifested by

A

microcytic-hypochromic type of anemia

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24
Q

2 vitamins to lower homocysteine level by converting it back to methionine

A

vitamin B9, B12

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25
Q

known as the everywhere vitamin

A

B5-pantothenic acid

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26
Q

in its active form, pantothenic acid is a constituent of?

A

coenzyme A

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27
Q

richest known source of pantothenic acid

A

royal jelly

28
Q

also known as the anti-eggwhite injury factor

A

vitamin B7- BIOTIN

29
Q

vitamin B7 is abundant where

A

in egg yolk and the liver

30
Q

coenzyme form of BIOTIN

A

biocytin

31
Q

this requires biotin as a coenzyme

A

pyruvate carboxylase

32
Q

also known as vitamin M and PGA

A

vitamin B9- folic acid

33
Q

most abundant form of folic acid in the body

A

N5-METHYL THFA

34
Q

coenzyme form of FOLIC ACID

A

Tetrahydrifolate polyglutamates

35
Q

enzyme in the activation of folic acid

A

folate reductase

36
Q

N5- formimino THFA is found in what catabolism

A

Histidine catabolism

37
Q

known as the anti-pernicious anemia vitamin

A

vitamin B12- cobalamin

38
Q

this is a megaloblastic type of anemia

A

pernicous anemia

39
Q

coenzyme form of cobalamin

A

5’-deoxyadenosylcobalamin

40
Q

this blocks uptake of vitamin c by white blood cells

A

aspirin

41
Q

very sensitive to oxidation and rapidly destroyed by alkalies

A

vitamin c

42
Q

Vitamin C spares what vitamins by protecting them from oxidation

A

vitamin A,E,B

43
Q

major function of vitamin C

A

coenzyme in the formation of tissue collagen or intercellular cement substance

44
Q

this results from extension hemorrhaging in the bones and joints of the extremities

A

anemia

45
Q

swelling at the ends of the long bones and at costochondrial junctions

A

scorbutic rosary

46
Q

also called the anti-infective vitamin

A

vitamin A

47
Q

has the highest vitamin A activity, yields 2 moles of retinol

A

Beta-carotene

48
Q

dryness and roughness of the skin develops in Vit A deficiency is referred to as

A

toad skin

49
Q

vitamin A works hand in hand with this vitamin

A

vitamin E

50
Q

painful joints, periostal thickening of long bones, loss of hair, headache, weakness, loss of appetite, hepatospenomegaly, serious liver damage may occur is called

A

HYPERVITAMINOSIS A

51
Q

known as; anti-rachitic vitamin, or sunshine vitamin

A

VITAMIN D

52
Q

vitamin D2 activates

A

ergosterol
ergocalciferol
viosterol

(plant, vegetable origin)

53
Q

vitamin D3 is activated

A

7-dehydrocholesterol; cholecalciferol

animal origin, fish oils

54
Q

major form of vitamin D in the circulation and major storage form in the liver

A

25-Hydroxycholecalciferol (CALCIDIOL)

55
Q

most active form of vitamin D

A

1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol (CALCITIRIOL)

56
Q

active metabolite of Vitamin D3 formed in the kidneys

A

24,25-Dihydroxyxholecalciferol

57
Q

vitamin D deficiency in adults, softening and weakening of the bones.

A

OSTEOMALACIA

58
Q

also called rejuvenating vitamin(anti-aging) or Anti-sterility Vitamin

A

Vitamin E

59
Q

this is the major lipid-soluble anti oxidant in cell membranes and plasma lipoprotein

A

vitamin E

60
Q

also known as coagulation vitamin, or antihemorrhagic vitamin

A

vitamin K

61
Q

major form of Vitamin K found in plants

A

vitamin K1

62
Q

found in putrid fish meal

A

Vitamin K2

63
Q

the parent compound of the vitamin K series (synthetic form of vitamin K)

A

menadione or Vitamin K3

64
Q

menaquinones are synthesized by

A

intestinal bacteria

65
Q

vitamin K is also important in the synthesis of 2 bone calcium binding proteins, which are

A

osteocalcin

bone matrix Gla protein

BIOCHEMISTRY (31 decks)

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