Limbic system

Question 1

with the activation of the fight or flight response, we see an _________ sympathetic response with an _____ cortisol and TH

Answer 1

we see an enhanced sympathetic response with an increased cortisol and TH

Question 2

Limbic lobe forms a rim of cortex at junction between the _________ and __________

Answer 2

diencephalon and cerebral cortex

Question 3

circuit for the anatomical substrate for emotion. A closed loop

Answer 3

Papez

Question 4

what happens with individuals with tumors impinging upon the cingulum?

Answer 4

personality changes

Question 5

kluver-bucy

Answer 5

behavioral syndrome from removal of medial temporal lobes

Question 6

region involved in planning and choosing appropriate responses to life situations

Answer 6

orbital and medial prefrontal cortex

Question 7

nuclei involved as a pleasure center, cholinergic input to hippocampus

Answer 7

septal nuclei

Question 8

lesion of the sseptal nuclei

Answer 8

rage behavior

Question 9

includes nucelus accumbens and ventral pallidum. involved in the pleasure circuit

Answer 9

ventral basal ganglia

Question 10

limbic nucleus

Answer 10

dorsomedial nucleus of the thalamus

Question 11

looks like a seahorse

Answer 11

hippocampus

Question 12

Alzheimer’s disease implicates what structure of the limbic system. What do we see in these patients?

Answer 12

Hippocampus

we see them shrunk

Question 13

The Hippocampus is essential for

Answer 13

factual or declarative memory

Question 14

The hippocampal formation consists of the ________(contains stem cells) , the hippocampus proper and the subiculum.

when do we not see the stem cells?

Answer 14

dentate gyrus

we don’t see the stem cells in alzheimer’s disease

Question 15

Which neurons are highly susceptible to anoxia?

FYI: can be damaged in near drowning incidents, epileptic seizures, brief loss of O2 during surgical procedures

Answer 15

CA1

Question 16

Major route of information flow through the hippocampal formation is a ________ circuit.

Answer 16

one way

Question 17

loss of the hippocampus

Answer 17

retrograde amnesia and no laying down of new memories

Question 18

lesion to the CA1

Answer 18

anterograde amnesia

Question 19

what is required in the consolidation process?

Answer 19

sleep!!

Question 20

hippocampus has a direct or indirect role in emotion

Answer 20

indirect

Question 21

limbic structure most specifically involved with emotional experience.

Answer 21

amygdala

Question 22

amygdala made up of how many nuclei?

Answer 22

3

Question 23

Subnuclei of the amygdaloid complex:

• Medial nucleus ——->
• Basolateral nucleus ——->
• Central ——>

Answer 23

• Medial nucleus ——-> olfactory connections
• Basolateral nucleus ——-> to cortex
• Central ——>Hypothalamus and BS

Question 24

who plays a central role in fear and fear conditioning?

Answer 24

amygdala

Question 25

two pathways of the amygdala

Answer 25

1. low road (QUICK!!!)- emotional stimulus goes through the sensory thalamus which then goes directly to the amygdala to show an emotional response
2. high road- difference with the low road because it goes through the sensory cortex first

Question 26

amygdala when stimulated

Answer 26

fear, anxiety and aggression

Question 27

amygdala when lesioned

Answer 27

placid and fearless

Question 28

rare autosomal recessive condition characterized by Ca+ deposits – particularly in the amygdala

Answer 28

Urbach- Wiethe disease-

Question 29

explicit memory about emotional situation

Answer 29

hippocampal system

Question 30

implicit emotional memory and associations

Answer 30

amygdala system

Question 31

conditioned reflexes

Answer 31

cerebellum

Question 32

released during stress is thought to stabilize and strengthen memories

Answer 32

Noradrenaline

Question 33

which structure is impacted by chronic stress

Answer 33

hippocampus