final review pics

Question 1

Answer 1

Question 2

Answer 2

Question 3

Answer 3

lesion to the optic nerve

Question 4

Answer 4

retinal lesion

Question 5

Answer 5

lesion to the nasal fibers crossing over

Question 6

Answer 6

lesion where the optic nerve comes into the chiasm

• affecting both central and temporal fibers

Question 7

Answer 7

lesion to the tract, meyer’s loop or lateral geniculate and these are fibers after crossing over

• pie in the sky

Question 8

Answer 8

tract lesion leading to complete hemiopoa

Question 9

Answer 9

lesion to the occipital fibers coming from right next to each other.

Question 10

Answer 10

visual field deficit is superior and temporal and most likely it is a retinal lession that is inferior and nasal

Question 11

Answer 11

visual field deficit is inferior thus lesion must be superior. lesion is preventing ganglion cell axons from entering optic nerve

Question 12

Answer 12

loss of central vision leading to a relative afferent pupillary defect

Question 13

Answer 13

imaging shows optic nerve inflammation but upon examination retina appears normal. loss of central vision.

Question 14

Answer 14

temproal field is missing thus probably this a lesion to the chiasm. information from temporal visual field enters nasal retina and must cross in the chiasm

Question 15

Answer 15

this is a pituitary adenoma that is putting pressure on the chiasm leading to a bi-temporal hemianopia (temporal fields missing

Question 16

Answer 16

lesion to the optic tract leading to a field defect in both eyes. a nasal on right and temporal on left

Question 17

Answer 17

demyelinating plaque that is affecting the optic tract

Question 18

Answer 18

damage to meyer’s loop in temporal fibers

• temporal field vision is not identical

Question 19

Answer 19

this shows damage to meyer’s loop in temporal lobe usually caused by a tumor or stroke

Question 20

Answer 20

loss of fibers after crossing over leading to side one eye losing vision on opposite side

Question 21

Answer 21

infarct in MCA territory leading to all loss of fibers losing vision on opposite side

Question 22

Answer 22

occipital lobe lesion. alsmost superimposable field defects. left occipital lobe causing right sided visual field defect.

Question 23

Answer 23

AVM malformation in left occipital lobe causing right sided visual field defect

Question 24

Answer 24

Question 25

Answer 25

motor cortex on the left; layers three and five are the pyramidal levels

Question 26

Answer 26

Question 27

Answer 27

Question 28

Answer 28

Question 29

Answer 29

Question 30

Answer 30

Question 31

Answer 31

Question 32

Answer 32

Question 33

Answer 33

Question 34

Answer 34

Question 35

Answer 35

Question 36

Answer 36

Question 37

Answer 37

Question 38

Answer 38

Number 7. Left homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing

Question 39

Answer 39

Question 40

Answer 40

Question 41

Answer 41

Question 42

Answer 42

Question 43

Answer 43

Question 44

Answer 44

A. Neurons in the lower part of the motor strip give rise to the corticobulbar tract

B. neurons in this region will give rise to axons of the corticospinal tract that will control the muscles of the hand

C. Nerons in this region will receive input from somatosensory pathways from the hand

D. Neurons in this region will receive somatosensory input from the face

E. this is the inferior parietal lobe

Question 45

X. receives information from?

Answer 45

E. Fornix- part of the Papez circuit

X. receives information from left visual fields in both eyes

Y. Thalamus

Z. anterior lobe of the vermis

Question 46

1. Which controls the autonomu system?
2. which is for fear conditioning?
3. structure that contains cell bodies that send their axons to VA/VL of the thalamus
4. what is X?
5. What is Y?

Answer 46

1. E; the hypothalamus
2. D; amygdala
3. C; globus pallidus is the output nucleus of the basal ganglia. receives information from the caudate and putamen and projects to the thalamus
4. cingulate gyrus; receives input from the anterior nucleus of the thalamus
5. Fornix; originate in the hippocampus

Question 47

1. which is the caudate nucleus
2. which is the putamen?
3. Thalamus?
4. What is X
5. What is Y

Answer 47

1. D; adjacent to the lateral ventricle
2. A; lies lateral to the internal capsule
3. C; surrounds the third ventricle
4. hippocampal formation; essential for declarative memory
5. lateral geniculate nucleus; receives input from ganglion cells of the retina and then projects to primary visual cortex

Question 48

Answer 48

Question 49

Answer 49

Question 50

Answer 50

Question 51

Answer 51

Question 52

Answer 52

Question 53

Answer 53

Question 54

Answer 54

Question 55

Answer 55