Lecture 8 - Maternal Energy Needs During Lactation

Question 1

what is the total energy cost of lactation derived from

Answer 1

energy content of milk plus the energy required to produce it

Question 2

what are the estimated energy requirements of a lactating mother 0-6 months postpartum

Answer 2

2000kJ above NPNL

Question 3

what are the estimated energy requirements of a lactating mother >6 months postpartum

Answer 3

1680kJ above NPNL

Question 4

several studies suggest what about weight loss in the first 3 months postpartum in lactating and non lactating women

Answer 4

suggest that the rate of weight loss is similar in both

Question 5

what do several studies suggest about weight loss from 3-6 months postpartum in women who lactate exclusively or close to for the first 6 months, compared to those who don’t

Answer 5

women who lactate longer and more intensively lose weight more rapidly than women who exclusively bottle-feed or those who lactate less fully or for shorter duration

Question 6

what is exclusively breastfeeding defined as

Answer 6

no other food or drink, not even water, except breast milk for 6 months of life, but allows the infant to receive ORS, drops and syrups

Question 7

what was the recommendation for exclusively breast feeding before and after 2001

Answer 7

before : 4-6 months

after : for the first 6 months

Question 8

2023 lacent shows that any prelactal feeding (other than breastmilk) shows what

Answer 8

a decline in the early initiation of breast feeding

Question 9

what is partial breast feeding

Answer 9

means that the baby receives some breast milk (from the breast or expressed) and some infant formula

Question 10

what are the benefits of breastfeeding for the baby (reductions in infant morbidity and mortality)

Answer 10

• protects against gastrointestinal infections
• protects against respiratory illnesses
• reduced otitis media infections
• reduced risk of SUDI

Question 11

what are the benefits of breastfeeding for the baby (reductions in chronic disease)

Answer 11

• allergic disease
• type 2 diabetes
• obesity in childhood

Question 12

what are the benefits of breastfeeding for the mother (protects mothers health)

Answer 12

• helps reduce risk or uterine bleeding and helps the uterus return to its previous size
• reduces risk of breast and ovarian cancer
• reduced risk of postpartum depression

Question 13

what does breastfeeding help for the mother

Answer 13

• helps delay a new pregnancy (lactational amenorrhea)
• helps a mother return to pre pregnancy weight more rapidly

Question 14

what are the benefits for breastfeeding in the first few days

Answer 14

• colostrum milk gives the babies essential nutrition along with antibodies from mum
• breastfeeding helps the mum recover from birth by contracting the uterus to its normal size

Question 15

why are exclusively breastfeeding rates so low

Answer 15

• Marketing of breast milk substitutes
• Lack of workplace support
• Lack of attendance or availability to antenatal care
• Lack of accessible lactation/breastfeeding support (concerns about insufficient milk supply)

Societal or cultural beliefs

Question 16

globally what % of infants are exclusively breastfeed aged 0 to 6 months

Answer 16

48%

Question 17

what is consistently a high concern on the plunket line each year

Answer 17

breastfeeding

Question 18

what is the definition of a baby friendly hospital

Answer 18

a health care facility where the practitioners who provide care for women and babies adopt practices that aim to protect, promote and support exclusive breastfeeding from birth

Question 19

what is the Code in New Zealand

Answer 19

restricts the marketing or breast milk substitutes, such as infant formula, to ensure that mothers are not discouraged from breastfeeding and that substitutes are used safely if needed

Question 20

what was the boycotting on nestle scandal

Answer 20

there was some evidence that nestle was doing heavy marketing of breastmilk formulas to women that were vulnerable