Lecture 7 10/16/24 Flashcards
What is Fog Fever?
bovine pulmonary edema and emphysema
What is the signalment for fog fever?
-adult cows recently moved from dry, sparse pasture to lush pasture
-within two weeks of the move
-brood cows most commonly affected
What is the pathophysiology of fog fever?
-L-tryptophan is converted to 3-methylindole in the rumen
-3-methylindole damages Clara cells and type 1 pneumocytes
-free radical formation occurs
-type 2 pneumocytes proliferate
-inability to exchange gas causes severe pulmonary reaction, edema, and loss of lung flexibility
What are the clinical signs of acute interstitial pneumonia caused by fog fever, moldy sweet potatoes, or perilla mint?
-expiratory dyspnea
-tachypnea
-frothing
-non-febrile
-distressed but not depressed
How is fog fever diagnosed?
-clinical signs
-necropsy
How is fog fever/moldy sweet potato intoxication/perilla mint intoxication treated?
-furosemide for the edema
-flunixin meglumine and/or dexamethasone for inflammation
How is fog fever prevented?
-limit the ability of cattle to graze upon introduction to new pasture
-force cattle to eat dry hay before moving them
-cut lush pastures for hay before moving cattle there
-feed ionophores prior to move to limit production of 3-methylindole
What is the pathophysiology of moldy sweet potatoes?
-mold and sweet potato work together to produce toxin 4-ipomeanol
-4-ipomeanol damages clara cells and type 1 pneumocytes similarly to 3-methylindole
When is perilla mint toxicity typically seen?
late summer, once other forage has been consumed
What is the pathophysiology of perilla mint?
perilla ketone is similar to 4-ipomeanol and thus behaves similar to 3-methylindole
What is the most effective prevention for perilla mint?
mowing pastures and field edges/clearing the plant
