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FA2 Respiratory > Lecture 10 10/18/24 > Flashcards

Lecture 10 10/18/24 Flashcards

1
Q

Which virus causes pseudorabies in swine?

A

porcine herpesvirus 1

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2
Q

What is the respiratory manifestation of pseudorabies?

A

-URI
-nasal discharge
-sneezing
-coughing
-dyspnea

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3
Q

What is the neurologic manifestation of pseudorabies?

A

-ataxia
-paddling
convulsions

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4
Q

What is the neurologic manifestation of pseudorabies in incidental hosts?

A

“mad itch”

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5
Q

What is the reproductive manifestation of pseudorabies?

A

-infertility
-abortion
-mummified feti

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6
Q

Why is it important to do serosurveillance in swine herd free of pseudorabies?

A

even though commercial hog populations are free of pseudorabies, they can come into wild animals that are not

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7
Q

What are the characteristics of porcine reproductive respiratory syndrome (PRRS)?

A

-arterivirus
-RNA virus
-infects pulmonary macrophages
-transmitted through direct contact, aerosol, semen
-disseminates to multiple tissues after replicating in pulmonary macrophages

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8
Q

What are the clinical signs of PRRS in sows?

A

-abortions
-fetal mummification
-stillborn pigs
-weak pigs with high mortality
-anorexia
-lethargy
-fever

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9
Q

What are the clinical signs of PRRS in piglets?

A

-anorexia
-fever
-dyspnea
-cyanosis of ears and extremeties

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10
Q

When are sows most susceptible to PRRS?

A

during late gestation

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11
Q

Why does PRRS have a rolling epidemiologic curve?

A

-initial outbreak moves rapidly and persists for several months
-subclinical carrier animals maintain virus in the herd
-introduction of naive animals results in reemergence of the virus

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12
Q

What are the characteristics of an eradication method to control PRRS?

A

-remove all hogs from premise
-repopulate with virus-free stock
-expensive

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13
Q

What are the characteristics of an infection control method for PRRS?

A

-depopulation nursery where pigs are exposed
-decrease subpopulations of naive gilts
-select replacement gilts from the herd instead of bringing in new guilts
-vaccinate upon entry
-do controlled infection

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14
Q

What are the characteristics of the PRRS vaccine?

A

-does not prevent infection
-produces consistent immunity
-vaccinate gilts prior to entry to herd
-reduces shedding in semen of boars
-MLV associated with reversion to virulence

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15
Q

What is the most commonly isolated pathogen in porcine resp. disease complex?

A

P. multocida

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16
Q

What are the clinical signs of bronchopneumonia in pigs?

A

-fever
-anorexia
-depression
-cough
-vomiting

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17
Q

How is bronchopneumonia diagnosed in pigs?

A

-culture at necropsy
-nasal/pharyngeal swabs
-tonsillar scraping

18
Q

What are the characteristics of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae?

A

-gram neg.
-primary pathogen
-very aggressive and contagious
-causes a necrotizing fibrino-hemorrhagic pneumonia

19
Q

What are the virulence mechanisms of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae?

A

-anti-phagocytic capsule
-cytotoxins
-endotoxin

20
Q

Which animals are carriers of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae?

A

individuals that were originally mildly infected and are now chronic life long carriers

21
Q

When do outbreaks of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae occur?

A

-following cold snaps
-during periods of ventilatory stress

22
Q

What are the clinical signs of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae?

A

-death
-dyspnea
-depression
-pyrexia
-anorexia
-blood stained froth

23
Q

What are the case attack and case fatality rates for Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae?

A

attack rate: 30-50% in nursery and finishing pigs
fatality rate: up to 50%

24
Q

What is the treatment and control for Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae?

A

-mass medication
-commercial vx to attenuate clinical signs
-autogenous vx
-eradication/depopulation

25
Q

What are the characteristics of Mycoplasma hyopneumonia?

A

-causes bronchopneumonia
-primary infection leading to PRD
-commensal organism in sows/gilts

26
Q

What is the pathophysiology of Mycoplasma hyopneumonia?

A

-piglets are colonized in farrowing house
-disease manifests in nursery
-slow, smoldering infection
-causes bronchitis, bronchiolitis, and mild pneumonia
-predisposes to more severe PRD pathogens

27
Q

What are the characteristics of Mycoplasma hyopneumonia prevention?

A

-vx can attenuate clinical signs but does not prevent infection
-want all in/all out control
-begin with pathogen free females
-improve management practices

28
Q

Which pathogen causes Glasser’s disease?

A

Glasserella parasuis

29
Q

What is Glasser’s disease characterized by?

A

polyserositis

30
Q

What are the CNS clinical signs of Glasser’s?

A

-tremors
-ataxia
-recumbency
-depression
-opisthotonos

31
Q

What are the septic arthritis clinical signs of Glasser’s?

A

-swollen lame joints
-pigs standing on their toes

32
Q

What are the resp. clinical signs of Glasser’s?

A

-dyspnea
-cyanosis

33
Q

What is the pathophysiology of Glasser’s?

A

-commensal organism in some animals
-spreads to naive pigs
-septicemia
-colonization of multiple membrane bound structures/organs

34
Q

How is Glasser’s controlled?

A

-vaccine attenuates clinical signs
-all in/all out
-good management

35
Q

How does Mycoplasma hyorhinis compare to Glasser’s?

A

clinical signs are all the same except for the CNS signs, which do not occur with Mycoplasma hyorhinis

36
Q

How is Glasser’s differentiated from Mycoplasma hyorhinis?

A

culture

37
Q

What are the characteristics of Mycoplasma hyorhinis control?

A

-no effective vaccine
-maintain a pathogen free breeding stock
-all in/all out management

38
Q

What are the clinical signs of Salmonella cholerasuis?

A

-fever
-depression
-anorexia
-diarrhea
-septicemia
-cyanosis
-muscle soreness/reluctance to stand
-dyspnea
-death

39
Q

Where does S. cholerasuis spread after colonizing the GI tract?

A

-CNS/meninges
-joints
-liver
-kidneys

40
Q

How is S. cholerasuis controlled?

A

attenuated vaccine

FA2 Respiratory (18 decks)

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