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Anatomy > Lecture 6: Bone and Vertebrate > Flashcards

Lecture 6: Bone and Vertebrate Flashcards

1
Q

Which structure connect bone to bone? Bone to muscle?

A

Bone to bone = ligaments
Bone to muscle = tendons

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2
Q

The skull, hyoid, vertebrate, ribs, and chest part make up the:
A. Appendicular Skeleton
B. Axial Skeleton

A

B. Axial Skeleton

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3
Q

How many bones are in the skull? How many vertebrate are there?

A

Skull = 22 bones
Vertebrate = 33 bones

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4
Q

The chest plate is composed of what three structures?

A

manubrium, sternum, and xiphoid process

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5
Q

Which skeleton do the bones of the appendages make up?
A. Axial Skeleton
B. Appendicular Skeleton

A

B. Appendicular Skeleton

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6
Q

What are the four girdles of the arm?

A

1) Humerus/Femur
2) Ulna/Radius
3) Tibia/Fibula
4) Metacarpal/phalanges

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7
Q

Where do blood cell get produced?
A. Compact Bone
B. Spongy Bone
C. Medullary Bone
D. Periosteum

A

C. Medullary Bone

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8
Q

Which bone is dense? elastic?
A. Compact Bone
B. Spongy Bone
C. Medullary Bone

A

Dense = A.
Elastic = B.

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9
Q

Femur/Tibia/Fibula, Humerus/Ulna/Radius are best characterized as:
A. Short Bones
B. Long Bones
C. Flat Bones
D. Irregular Bones
E. Sesamoid Bone

A

B. Long Bones

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10
Q

The carpals of the wrist and the tarsals of the ankles are best characterized as:
A. Short Bones
B. Long Bones
C. Flat Bones
D. Irregular Bones
E. Sesamoid Bone

A

A. Short Bones

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11
Q

Bones in the cranium are best characterized as:
A. Short Bones
B. Long Bones
C. Flat Bones
D. Irregular Bones
E. Sesamoid Bone

A

C. Flat Bones

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12
Q

The vertebrate, sacrum, coccyx, and hip bones are best characterized as:
A. Short Bones
B. Long Bones
C. Flat Bones
D. Irregular Bones
E. Sesamoid Bone

A

D. Irregular Bones

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13
Q

The patella is best characterized as:
A. Short Bones
B. Long Bones
C. Flat Bones
D. Irregular Bones
E. Sesamoid Bone

A

E. Sesamoid Bone

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14
Q
A
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15
Q
A
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16
Q
A
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17
Q
A
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18
Q

What type of joint is located between the clavicle and acromion of the scapula?
A. Ball and Socket Joint
B. Pivot Joint
C. Plane Joint
D. Hinge Joint
E. Carpometacarpal Joint
F. Saddle Joint

A

C. Plane Joint

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19
Q

Which is an example of a hinge joint?
A. Atlanto-axial Joint
B. Hip Joint
C. Metacarpophalangeal Joint
D. Carpometacarpal Joint
E. Elbow Joint

A

E. Elbow Joint

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20
Q

Which is an example of a saddle joint?
A. Atlanto-axial Joint
B. Hip Joint
C. Metacarpophalangeal Joint
D. Carpometacarpal Joint
E. Elbow Joint

A

D. Carpometacarpal Joint

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21
Q

Which is an example of a condyloid joint?
A. Atlanto-axial Joint
B. Hip Joint
C. Metacarpophalangeal Joint
D. Carpometacarpal Joint
E. Elbow Joint

A

C. Metacarpophalangeal Joint

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22
Q

The atlanto-axial joint is an example of a what type of joint?
A. Atlanto-axial Joint
B. Hip Joint
C. Metacarpophalangeal Joint
D. Carpometacarpal Joint
E. Elbow Joint
F. Pivoit Joint

A

F. Pivoit Joint

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23
Q

The ball and socket joint is an example of a what type of joint?
A. Atlanto-axial Joint
B. Hip Joint
C. Metacarpophalangeal Joint
D. Carpometacarpal Joint
E. Elbow Joint
F. Pivoit Joint
G. Ball and Socket Joint

A

G. Ball and Socket Joint

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24
Q

True or False: Joint articulations are rich in blood and nerve supply, as well as important for proprioception

A

True

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25
A ______ is defined as a fibrous joint in which two adjacent bones are linked by a strong membrane or ligaments A. gomphosis B. suture C. syndesmosis
C. syndesmosis
26
_____ is a type of fibrous, immovable joint such as the one between the teeth and the alveolar bone A. gomphosis B. suture C. syndesmosis
A. gomphosis
27
True or False: The coronal suture is a fibrous joint
True
28
What are the two types of cartilaginous joint?
1) Primary cartilaginous (synchondrosis) 2) Secondary cartilaginous (symphysis)
29
Synovial Joints
30
How many vertebrate do humans have? A. 4 B. 33 C. 12 D. 7
B. 33
31
How many cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal vertebrate are there?
Cervical = 7 vertebrate Thoracic = 12 vertebrate Lumbar = 5 vertebrate Sacral = 5 vertebrate Coccygeal = 4 vertebrate
32
True or False: Intervertebral discs provide cushioning, mobility, and stability
True
33
Where is a common site of slippage? A. L5 B. L3 C. C5 D. C2-3
A. L5
34
The Lumbosacral Angle is located at ____ and is wedge-shaped
L5-S1
35
____ describes an anterior concave while ____ is a posterior concave
Kyphosis: anterior concave Lordosis: posterior concave
36
____: Thoracic and sacral curves formed during development A. Primary Curvature B. Secondary Curvature
A. Primary Curvature
37
______: Curves that form after birth for weight bearing, cervical (head) and lumbar (body from walking) A. Primary Curvature B. Secondary Curvature
B. Secondary Curvature
38
Which parts of the vertebral column display kyphosis? lordosis? A. Cervical and Lumbar B. Thoracic and Sacral (Pelvic) C. Cervical Spine only
Thoracic and Sacral = kyphosis Lumbar and Cervical = lordosis
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45
Label A-D of the cervical vertebrate:
46
A. C1 B. C3-7 C. C2
A. C1
47
Label A-D of C1
48
Label A. What structure is this? A. C3 B. Axis C. Atlas
B. Axis
49
Which joint is this?
Atlanto-Axial Joint
50
Label this thoracic vertebrae
51
52
53
54
Where does spina bifida commonly occur?
L5-S1
55
Spinda Bifida Occulta vs. Cystica?
Occulta = lamina fail to fuse Cystica = neural arches fail to fuse,
56
What are the four vertebral column joints?
57
Label this IV disc
58
Which vertebral column joint is located ONLY in C3-7 in the Uncinate Process of the anterior vertebral bodies and LIMITS lateral flexion? A. Longitudinal Ligaments B. Uncovertebral Joints C. Posterior longitudinal ligament
B. Uncovertebral Joints
59
Which vertebral column joint is this? A. Longitudinal Ligaments B. Uncovertebral Joints C. Posterior longitudinal ligament
B. Uncovertebral Joints
60
Which vertebral column joint is this? A. Longitudinal Ligaments B. Uncovertebral Joints C. Posterior longitudinal ligament
A. Longitudinal Ligaments
61
Which structure limits hyperextension? Which structure limits hyperflexion?
-Anterior LL (longitudinal ligaments) limits hyperextension -Posterior LL limits hyperflexion
62
63
Which vertebral column joint limits twisting and rotation?
Zygapophyseal Joint
64
In the zygapophyseal joint, the superior and inferior ____facets articulate with each “Holding hands”
articular
65
Label the ligaments of the neural arch Word Bank -Interspinous Ligament -Supraspinous Ligament -Ligamentum Flavum
C. Interspinous Ligament B. Supraspinous Ligament A. Ligamentum Flavum
66
Which ligament connects laminae? Which connect spinous processes?
Ligamentum Flavum connects laminae Interspinous Ligament connects spinous processes
67
True or False: The Supraspinous Ligament connects spinous processes on posterior margin
True
68
Role of the Neural Arch Ligaments?
Limit seperation/tension, rotation
69
Which ligament is this?
The Nuchal Ligament
70
Nucleus Pulposus Herniation can lead to compression of ____ ligament and ____
Posterior longitudinal ligament; Anulus Fibrosus
71
True or False: Nucleus Pulposus Herniations are common in the thoracic spine
False - common in cervical and lumbar spine
72
73
74
The Erector Spinae muscle is important for ___ while the Abdominal muscles are important for ____. Both are important for lateral bending.
Extension; Flexion
75
True or False: Rotatores, semipinalis, multifidus muscles, and the Ispilateral erector spinae muscles are all involved in rotation
True
76
In whiplash, hyperextension can result in straining or tearing which longitudinal ligament? Hyperflexion?
Hyperextension = Anterior LL Hyperflexion = Posterior LL
77
____: proximal bones of limbs that articulate with the axial skeleton A. Autopod B. Stylopod C. Girdles
C. Girdles
78
Pectoral and Pelvic are: A. Autopod B. Stylopod C. Girdles
C. Girdles
79
____: singular bone in proximal segment of limb
Stylopod
80
Humerus and Femur are: A. Autopod B. Stylopod C. Girdles D. Zeugopod
B. Stylopod
81
____: paired bones in the middle segment of the limbs A. Autopod B. Stylopod C. Girdles D. Zeugopod
D. Zeugopod
82
Radius, ulna; tibia, fibula are: A. Autopod B. Stylopod C. Girdles D. Zeugopod
D. Zeugopod
83
The carpal bones (metacarpals/tarsals/ phalanges) of the upper and lower limbs are: A. Autopod B. Stylopod C. Girdles D. Zeugopod
A. Autopod
84
_______is a fibrous connective tissue that surrounds bone that carries _____ nerves to sense tearing/tension pain
Periosteum ; periosteal
85
_____ Joints: articulating bones attached with fibrous tissues A. Fibrous B. Syndesmosis C. Cartilaginous
A. Fibrous
86
What type of joints are united by hyaline or fibrocartilage fibers and provides some flexibility? A. Fibrous B. Syndesmosis C. Cartilaginous
C. Cartilaginous Joints
87
True or False: The Lumbosacral Angle occurs at the lumbar and sacral junction.
True
88
The uncinate processes are present on ___
C3–6
89
True or False: Foramina transversaria is present in C1-6 and absent/small in C7
True
90
____: ring of fibrocartilage forming the intervertebral disc _____: Center of intervertebral disc. Compresses and tenses but loses elastic ability through aging.
Anulus Fibrosus Nucleus Pulposus
91
Uncovertebral “Joints” are found between uncinate process of ____ on body
C3-C6
92
____: Synovial articulations between the superior and inferior articular processes (zygapophyses) of adjacent vertebrae
Zygapophysial joint
93
____: encloses each zygapophysial joint
Joint Capsule
94
____: Connect adjacent spinous processes ____:Connect adjacent spinous processes posteriorly on their apexes
Interspinous Ligaments Supraspinous Ligaments
95
____: merges with supraspinous ligament, strong median ligament of the neck and back of the skull (external protuberance).
Nuchal Ligaments

Anatomy (28 decks)

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