Lecture 26: Gluteal Region and Posterior Thigh

Question 1

What are the superior, inferior, medial, and lateral boundaries of the gluteal region?

Answer 1

Superior: Iliac crest
Inferior: Gluteal fold
Lateral: Greater trochanter of femus
Medial: Intergluteal cleft

Question 2

_____: separate right and left gluteal regions

Answer 2

Intergluteal cleft

Question 3

What are the anterior, posterior, and inferior boundaries of the thigh?

Answer 3

PROXIMAL
Anterior = Inguinal ligament
Posterior = Gluteal Fold

DISTAL
Anterior = Knee
Posterior = Popliteal Fossa

Question 4

Superior and Inferior boundaries of the leg?

Answer 4

PROXIMAL
Anterior = knee
Posterior = popliteal fossa

DISTAL
- Ankle (talocrural joint)

Question 5

The fascia lata is (deep fascia of the thigh) is made up of:
1)
2)
3)

Answer 5

1) Iliotibial tract
2) Saphenous opening
3) Intermuscular septa

Question 6

The saphenous opening is a passage for the _____ vein

Answer 6

great saphenous v.

Question 7

True or False: The fascia lata attaches along the pubis, iliac crest, sacrum and coccyx, ischium, and sacrotuberous ligament

Answer 7

True

Question 8

____: lateral thickening of the fascia lata

Answer 8

Iliotibial Tract

Question 9

There are three intermuscular septa that arise from deep aspect of fascia lata. Which is the strongest?

Answer 9

Lateral IM septum

Question 10

The lateral, medial, and posterior intermuscular septa all attach to the ___ ___

Answer 10

linea aspera

Question 11

The intermuscular septa and fascia lata divide the thigh into the ANTERIOR, POSTERIOR, and MEDIAL compartment. What do the muscles in each of those compartments do?

Answer 11

Anterior = Muscles the flex hip or extend leg

Posterior = Muscles that extend thigh and flex leg

Medial = Muscles that adduct thigh at hip (some also flex thigh)

Question 12

_____ Joint: is the articulation between acetabulum and head of femur

Answer 12

Femoroacetabular Joint

Question 13

Since Femoroacetabular Joint is a multi-axial ball and socket synovial joint, what can it do?

Answer 13

• Flex/extend
• Abduct/adduct
• Medial/lateral
• Circumduction

Question 14

Primary role of hip joint?

Answer 14

Support and distribute body weight
- weight bearing
- facilitates lower limb movement

Question 15

Which four ligaments make up the Femoroacetabular Joint?

Answer 15

1) Iliofemoral Ligament
2) Pubofemoral Ligament
3) Ischiofemoral Ligament
4) Ligamentum teres

Question 16

____: Communicates vascular structures to femoral head

Answer 16

Ligamentum Teres

Question 17

All gluteal region m are innervated by nerves originating in the _____

Answer 17

sacral plexus

Question 18

True or False: Gluteus maximus extends the hip

Answer 18

True

Question 19

What are the six muscles of the gluteal region
(hint: G3 IQ SO TP!!)

Answer 19

Glut max
Glut min
Glut med

Inferior Gemellus
Quadratus femoris

Superior Gemellus
Obturator Internus

Tensor Fascia Latae
Piriformis

Question 20

Which gluteal region muscle originates in ASIS and anterior iliac crest?
A. Glut max
B. Inferior gemellus
C. Tensor Fascia Latae

Answer 20

C. Tensor Fascia Latae

Question 21

Where do both the glu medius and glut minimus originate?

Answer 21

B/w anterior and posterior gluteal lines (glu med)

anterior and inferior gluteal lines (glut min)

Question 22

Where does glut max originate?

Answer 22

Posterior to posterior glut line, as well as posterior surface of sacrum, coccyz, and sacrotuberous ligament

Question 23

Which gluteal muscle originates in the ischial spine?
A. Piriformis
B. Superior Gemellus
C. Obturator Internus
D. Glut min

Answer 23

B. Superior Gemellus

Question 24

Which two gluteal m originate in the ischial tuberosity?

Answer 24

Inferior Gemellus and Quadratus Femoris

Question 25

Which m originates in the anterior surface of 2nd and 4th sacral segments, as well as superior margin of greater sciatic notch, and sacrotuberous ligament? A. Glut max B. Piriformis C. Superior Gemellus

Answer 25

B. Piriformis

Question 26

Which five gluteal muscles insert into the greater trochanter?

Answer 26

1) Glut med 2) Glut min 3) Piriformis 4) Obturator Internus 5) Inferior Gemellus

Question 27

Which gluteal m inserts in iliotibial tract A. Glut min B. Superior gemellus C. Tensor Fascia Latae

Answer 27

C. Tensor Fascia Latae

Question 28

Which gluteal m inserts into iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity (femur) A. Glut min B. Glut med C. Glu max

Answer 28

C. Glu max

Question 29

Which glut muscle inserts into the quadrate tubercle?

Answer 29

Quad femoris

Question 30

What n innervates the tensor fascia latae, glut med and glut min

Answer 30

Superior gluteal nerve (L5-S1 ventral rami)

Question 31

Which nerve innervates the glut max?

Answer 31

Inferior glut nerve (ventral rami of L5-S2)

Question 32

Ventral rami S1-S2 innervates which m?

Answer 32

Piriformis

Question 33

Which nerve innervates the superior gemellus and obturator internus?

Answer 33

Obturator internus n. (ventral rami L5-S1)

Question 34

Which nerve innervates inferior gemellus and quad femoris

Answer 34

Nerve to quad. femoris (ventral rami L5-S1)

Question 35

Which three m make up the posterior thigh?

Answer 35

Biceps femoris Semi-membranosus Semi-tendinosus

Question 36

All of the muscle below cross both the hip and knee joint, EXCEPT: Biceps femoris Semi-membranosus Semi-tendinosus

Answer 36

Short head of biceps femoris does not cross hip

Question 37

What is the primary function of the: Biceps femoris, Semi-membranosus, Semi-tendinosus?

Answer 37

Flex leg and knee and extends hip

Question 38

Biceps femoris Semi-membranosus Semi-tendinosus are innervated by which n?

Answer 38

Sciatic n

Question 39

The short head of the biceps femoris is innervated by the ____ part of sciatic n. while the rest is innervated by the tibial part of the sciatic n.

Answer 39

common fibular

Question 40

Both the semi-membranosus and semi-tendinosus originate in the ____. However, the prior inserts into the ___ while the latter inserts into the ___

Answer 40

ischial tuberosity; medial condyle (tibia); superior tibia

Question 41

What is the function shared by both the semi-membranosus and semi-tendinosus?

Answer 41

-Hip: extends -Knee: flexes/medial rotation -Medially rotates hip when knee is flexed

Question 42

Which posterior thigh m flexes and laterally rotates the knee?

Answer 42

Biceps femoris

Question 43

True or False: the short end of the biceps femoris extends the hip and laterally rotates the hip when knee is flexed?

Answer 43

False - this is the case of the long head of the biceps femoris

Question 44

Which gluteal m is responsible for lateral rotation of thigh at the hip?

Answer 44

Quadratus femoris

Question 45

Which four gluteal m. are important for hip ABDUCTION and lateral rotation of thigh at hip?

Answer 45

1) Piriformis 2) Superior/Inferior Gemellus 3) Obturator Internus

Question 46

Which gluteal m extends and laterally rotates thigh at hip (also stabilizes thigh to assist with transition from seated to standing)?

Answer 46

Glut maximus

Question 47

Which two gluteal m are important for hip ABDUCTION and MEDIAL ROTATION

Answer 47

1) Glut med 2) Glut min

Question 48

Which gluteal m sustains tension of iliotibial tract, as well as assists with medial rotation, hip ABDUCTION/FLEXION, and stabilizes knee?

Answer 48

Tensor Fascia Latae

Question 49

Where does the long head of the biceps femoris originate? short head?

Answer 49

long head - ischial tuberosity short head - linear aspera/lateral supracondylar line (femur)