Lecture 26: Gluteal Region and Posterior Thigh Flashcards
What are the superior, inferior, medial, and lateral boundaries of the gluteal region?
Superior: Iliac crest
Inferior: Gluteal fold
Lateral: Greater trochanter of femus
Medial: Intergluteal cleft
_____: separate right and left gluteal regions
Intergluteal cleft
What are the anterior, posterior, and inferior boundaries of the thigh?
PROXIMAL
Anterior = Inguinal ligament
Posterior = Gluteal Fold
DISTAL
Anterior = Knee
Posterior = Popliteal Fossa
Superior and Inferior boundaries of the leg?
PROXIMAL
Anterior = knee
Posterior = popliteal fossa
DISTAL
- Ankle (talocrural joint)
The fascia lata is (deep fascia of the thigh) is made up of:
1)
2)
3)
1) Iliotibial tract
2) Saphenous opening
3) Intermuscular septa
The saphenous opening is a passage for the _____ vein
great saphenous v.
True or False: The fascia lata attaches along the pubis, iliac crest, sacrum and coccyx, ischium, and sacrotuberous ligament
True
____: lateral thickening of the fascia lata
Iliotibial Tract
There are three intermuscular septa that arise from deep aspect of fascia lata. Which is the strongest?
Lateral IM septum
The lateral, medial, and posterior intermuscular septa all attach to the ___ ___
linea aspera
The intermuscular septa and fascia lata divide the thigh into the ANTERIOR, POSTERIOR, and MEDIAL compartment. What do the muscles in each of those compartments do?
Anterior = Muscles the flex hip or extend leg
Posterior = Muscles that extend thigh and flex leg
Medial = Muscles that adduct thigh at hip (some also flex thigh)
_____ Joint: is the articulation between acetabulum and head of femur
Femoroacetabular Joint
Since Femoroacetabular Joint is a multi-axial ball and socket synovial joint, what can it do?
- Flex/extend
- Abduct/adduct
- Medial/lateral
- Circumduction
Primary role of hip joint?
Support and distribute body weight
- weight bearing
- facilitates lower limb movement
Which four ligaments make up the Femoroacetabular Joint?
1) Iliofemoral Ligament
2) Pubofemoral Ligament
3) Ischiofemoral Ligament
4) Ligamentum teres
____: Communicates vascular structures to femoral head
Ligamentum Teres
All gluteal region m are innervated by nerves originating in the _____
sacral plexus
True or False: Gluteus maximus extends the hip
True
What are the six muscles of the gluteal region
(hint: G3 IQ SO TP!!)
Glut max
Glut min
Glut med
Inferior Gemellus
Quadratus femoris
Superior Gemellus
Obturator Internus
Tensor Fascia Latae
Piriformis
Which gluteal region muscle originates in ASIS and anterior iliac crest?
A. Glut max
B. Inferior gemellus
C. Tensor Fascia Latae
C. Tensor Fascia Latae
Where do both the glu medius and glut minimus originate?
B/w anterior and posterior gluteal lines (glu med)
anterior and inferior gluteal lines (glut min)
Where does glut max originate?
Posterior to posterior glut line, as well as posterior surface of sacrum, coccyz, and sacrotuberous ligament
Which gluteal muscle originates in the ischial spine?
A. Piriformis
B. Superior Gemellus
C. Obturator Internus
D. Glut min
B. Superior Gemellus
Which two gluteal m originate in the ischial tuberosity?
Inferior Gemellus and Quadratus Femoris
Which m originates in the anterior surface of 2nd and 4th sacral segments, as well as superior margin of greater sciatic notch, and sacrotuberous ligament?
A. Glut max
B. Piriformis
C. Superior Gemellus
B. Piriformis
Which five gluteal muscles insert into the greater trochanter?
1) Glut med
2) Glut min
3) Piriformis
4) Obturator Internus
5) Inferior Gemellus
Which gluteal m inserts in iliotibial tract
A. Glut min
B. Superior gemellus
C. Tensor Fascia Latae
C. Tensor Fascia Latae
Which gluteal m inserts into iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity (femur)
A. Glut min
B. Glut med
C. Glu max
C. Glu max
Which glut muscle inserts into the quadrate tubercle?
Quad femoris
What n innervates the tensor fascia latae, glut med and glut min
Superior gluteal nerve (L5-S1 ventral rami)
Which nerve innervates the glut max?
Inferior glut nerve (ventral rami of L5-S2)
Ventral rami S1-S2 innervates which m?
Piriformis
Which nerve innervates the superior gemellus and obturator internus?
Obturator internus n. (ventral rami L5-S1)
Which nerve innervates inferior gemellus and quad femoris
Nerve to quad. femoris (ventral rami L5-S1)
Which three m make up the posterior thigh?
Biceps femoris
Semi-membranosus
Semi-tendinosus
All of the muscle below cross both the hip and knee joint, EXCEPT:
Biceps femoris
Semi-membranosus
Semi-tendinosus
Short head of biceps femoris does not cross hip
What is the primary function of the: Biceps femoris, Semi-membranosus, Semi-tendinosus?
Flex leg and knee and extends hip
Biceps femoris
Semi-membranosus
Semi-tendinosus
are innervated by which n?
Sciatic n
The short head of the biceps femoris is innervated by the ____ part of sciatic n. while the rest is innervated by the tibial part of the sciatic n.
common fibular
Both the semi-membranosus and semi-tendinosus originate in the ____. However, the prior inserts into the ___ while the latter inserts into the ___
ischial tuberosity; medial condyle (tibia); superior tibia
What is the function shared by both the semi-membranosus and semi-tendinosus?
-Hip: extends
-Knee: flexes/medial rotation
-Medially rotates hip when knee is flexed
Which posterior thigh m flexes and laterally rotates the knee?
Biceps femoris
True or False: the short end of the biceps femoris extends the hip and laterally rotates the hip when knee is flexed?
False - this is the case of the long head of the biceps femoris
Which gluteal m is responsible for lateral rotation of thigh at the hip?
Quadratus femoris
Which four gluteal m. are important for hip ABDUCTION and lateral rotation of thigh at hip?
1) Piriformis
2) Superior/Inferior Gemellus
3) Obturator Internus
Which gluteal m extends and laterally rotates thigh at hip (also stabilizes thigh to assist with transition from seated to standing)?
Glut maximus
Which two gluteal m are important for hip ABDUCTION and MEDIAL ROTATION
1) Glut med
2) Glut min
Which gluteal m sustains tension of iliotibial tract, as well as assists with medial rotation, hip ABDUCTION/FLEXION, and stabilizes knee?
Tensor Fascia Latae
Where does the long head of the biceps femoris originate? short head?
long head - ischial tuberosity
short head - linear aspera/lateral supracondylar line (femur)
