Lecture 3: Histology III Flashcards
Which connective tissue is the model for fetal bone formation?
Cartilage
Is cartilage primarily water or fibers?
water
What structure surrounds the cells of the cartilage?
Perichondrium
True or False: chrondroblasts produce the matrix and, when mature, chondrocytes lie in the lacunae
True
Which type of cartilage is found at the ends of long bones, forms costal cartilage in ribs, and found in nose/trachea/larynx?
A. Hyaline
B. Elastic
C. Fibrocartilage
A. Hyaline
Which cartilage supports the external ear (pinna) and the epiglottis?
A. Hyaline
B. Elastic
C. Fibrocartilage
B. Elastic
In addition to containing elastin fibers, elastic cartilage also contains…
A. Type II Collagen
B. Type I Collagen
A. Type II Collagen
True or False: Bone is avascular
False
Do osteoblasts/osteoids contain more type 1 or type 2 collagen?
Type I Collagen
Mature bone is organized into ____
osteons
___ are the “rings” in osteons
Lamellae
____is the outer layer of bone. It is also osteogenic.
A. Periosteum
B. Mesenchyme
C. Perichondrium
A. Periosteum
Compact bone is also known as ___ while spongy is also known as ____
Compact: Cortical
Spongy: Cancellous
True or False: All bones have an outer shell of compact bone
True
Which type of bone is formed by a network of branching trabeculae (spikes)?
A. Cancellous
B. Spongy
C. Compact
D. Cortical
A. Cancellous/B. Spongy
Which letters correspond to features of a neuron?
1 = neurons respond to stimuli by altering electrical potential differences
2 = electrical potential changes can be spread or propagated throughout neuron (AP)
3 = information is relayed to more neurons via synapses
A. Transmission
B. Irritability/Excitability
C. Conductivity
B = 1
C = 2
A = 3
True or False: Glial cells provide metabolic support and have a phagocytic function
True
What are Nissl substances? Indicates?
Stained organelle of the soma/cell body; indicates metabolically active cell
True or False: A neuron can have 0 dendrites
True
How many axons per neuron?
A. Many
B. Only 1
C. Hundreds
B. Only 1
____: swelling of the terminal/distal end of the axon, is the site where neural signals are transmitted to another neuron or muscle
Terminal ending
Where are synaptic vesicles found?
Pre-synaptic neuron
Most common neuron? How many axons and dendrites does it have?
Multipolar neurons
- 1 axon
- 2 or more dendrites
Which type of neuron have only one axon and one dendrites and are located in special sense areas?
Bipolar neurons
Which type of neuron have one process that divides close to the soma into two long processes, both of which are structurally similar to an axon?
Pseudounipolar neurons
Where does the afferent end of a pseudounipolar neuron extend to? Efferent end?
Skin/periphery
CNS = nerve terminals
Which neurons are found in the rods and cones in the retina and has NO dendrites?
Unipolar neuron
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
31 pairs
____: groupings of neuronal cell bodies outside of the CNS
Ganglia
The autonomic nervous system is responsible for innervating ____, ____, and ____
Cardiac and Smooth muscle; Glandular epithelium
___stem cell is the precursor of RBC’s and megakaryocytes
Myeloid stem cells
Where does the pluripotent stem cell reside?
Bone marrow
True or False: Cartilage is avascular
True (gets nutrition via diffusion)
Where is fibrocartilage found?
A. External ear
B. Pubic symphysis
C. IV discs
D. Costal rib cartilages
E. Epiglottis
C., B.
