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Anatomy > L12: Thoracic Wall II > Flashcards

L12: Thoracic Wall II Flashcards

1
Q

____: the space enclosed by the thoracic wall, containing the mediastinum and the pulmonary cavities
A. Thoracic Cavity
B. Pulmonary Cavities
C. Mediastinum

A

A. Thoracic cavity

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2
Q

_____: paired; located laterally in completely separate compartments containing lungs and pleura
A. Thoracic Cavity
B. Pulmonary Cavities
C. Mediastinum

A

B. Pulmonary cavities

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3
Q

____: unpaired; located centrally; important contents include the heart, great vessels, trachea, and esophagus
A. Thoracic Cavity
B. Pulmonary Cavities
C. Mediastinum

A

C. Mediastinum

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4
Q
A
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5
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7
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A
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8
Q

_____ is located between the superior
thoracic aperture and a transverse
plane through the sternal angle
A. Superior Medistinum
B. Lateral Medistinum
C. Inferior Medistinum

A

A. Superior Medistinum

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9
Q

____is located between a transverse plane
through the sternal angle and the
thoraco-abdominal diaphragm

A. Superior Medistinum
B. Lateral Medistinum
C. Inferior Medistinum

A

C. Inferior Medistinum

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10
Q
A
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11
Q

The inferior mediastinum is further
subdivided into the: ___, ___, and ___ mediastinum

A

Inferior mediastinum -
A. Middle medistinum
B. Anterior medistinum
C. Posterior medistinum

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12
Q
A
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13
Q

_____ is located between the
sternum and the pericardium surrounding
the heart

A. Anterior mediastinum
B. Middle mediastinum
C. Posterior mediastinum

A

A. Anterior mediastinum

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14
Q

_____ between the anterior
mediastinum and the posterior mediastinum

A. Anterior mediastinum
B. Middle mediastinum
C. Posterior mediastinum

A

B. Middle mediastinum

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15
Q

______ between the
pericardium and the thoracic vertebrae

A. Anterior mediastinum
B. Middle mediastinum
C. Posterior mediastinum

A

C. Posterior mediastinum

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16
Q

The thymus extends from the superior to the ____ mediastinum

The esophagus courses from the superior
mediastinum to the ____ mediastinum.

A

anterior
posterior

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17
Q
A
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18
Q

____: the tissue that invests and encloses each lung, made up of pleura

A

Pleural Sac

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19
Q

What are the two pleurae?

A

1) Parietal
2) Visceral

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20
Q

____: the potential space between parietal and visceral pleurae

A

Pleural Cavity: the potential space between parietal and visceral pleurae

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21
Q

____: inner layer; covers the lungs; adheres to all the surfaces of the lungs

A

Visceral Pleura: inner layer; covers the lungs; adheres to all the surfaces of the lungs

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22
Q

____: outer layer; lines the pulmonary cavities; adheres to the thoracic wall, mediastinum, and diaphragm

A

Parietal Pleura: outer layer; lines the pulmonary cavities; adheres to the thoracic wall, mediastinum, and diaphragm

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23
Q

The pleural cavity contains a thin layer of serous fluid known as ____, which lubricates the pleura and facilitates movement

A

pleural fluid

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24
Q

___ in the pleural fluid keeps the surface of the lung pressed against the thoracic wall

A

Surface tension

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25
Q

When can the pleural cavity become a real space, as opposed to a potential space?

A

Pathology or injury

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26
Q

True or False: Pulmonary recesses are areas in which the pleural cavity is enlarged (since lungs do not completely fill the pulmonary cavities)

A

True

27
Q

Role of Pulmonary Recesses?

A

1) accommodating changes in lung volume during breathing and

2) potential spaces containing only a small amount of pleural fluid

28
Q

Costomediastinal recesses are located ___ to sternum

Costodiaphragmatic recesses are located ___ between the thoracic wall and diaphragm

A

Costomediastinal recesses are located POSTERIOR to sternum

Costodiaphragmatic recesses are located INFERIORLY, between the thoracic wall and diaphragm

29
Q
A
30
Q

___: the primary organs of respiration whose function is to oxygenate blood by bringing it into close contact with inspired air

A

Lungs

31
Q

Which part of the lung is located in the superiormost area and extends into the neck?

A

Apex of the lung

32
Q

Which part of the lung is concave and located in the inferior portion, adjacent to the diaphragm?

A

Base of the lung

33
Q
A
34
Q

How many lobes are located in the right lung?

How many lobes are located in the left lung?

A

Right lung has three lobes
Left lung has two lobes

35
Q

What are the THREE lobes of the right lung known as?

A

1) Superior/Upper Lobe
2) Middle Lobe
3) Inferior/Lower Lobe

36
Q

What are the two fissures of the right lung known as?

What is the one fissure of the left lung known as?

A

Right Lung
1) Oblique Fissure
2) Horizontal Fissure

Left Lung
1) Oblique Fissure

37
Q

What are the TWO lobes of the left lung known as?

A

1) Superior/Upper
2) Inferior/Lower

38
Q
A
39
Q

The oblique fissure of the RIGHT lung separates the ___ lobe from the ___ and __ lobes

The horizontal fissure of the RIGHT lung separates the ___ lobe from the ___ lobe

A

The oblique fissure of the RIGHT lung separates the inferior lobe from the middle and superior lobes

The horizontal fissure of the RIGHT lung separates the middle lobe from the superior lobe

40
Q

The oblique fissure of the LEFT lung separates the ___ lobe from the ___ lobe

A

superior; inferior

41
Q
A
42
Q

Both lungs consist of ~ how many segments?

A

10

43
Q

Each lung segment is supplied by a segmental branch of the respective ____
and by a segmental branch of the
___

A

pulmonary artery; bronchus

44
Q

_____: one segment of a lung and one segmental branch of the bronchi and pulmonary artery

A

Bronchopulmonary segment: one
segment of a lung and one segmental
branch of the bronchi and pulmonary
artery

45
Q

True or False: Bronchopulmonary segments are anatomically and functionally independent of other segments

A

True

46
Q

____: area on the medial
surface of the lung at which structures
enter/exit

A

HILUM OF THE LUNG

47
Q

True or False: The root of the lung contains
all the structures that enter/exit the lungs

A

True

48
Q

What three structures are located in the root of the lung?

A

1) Main Bronchus (one on each side)
2) Pulmonary Artery (one on each side)
3) Pulmonary Veins (two on each side)

49
Q

____: double layer of parietal pleura located directly inferior to the hilum/root

A

Pulmonary Ligament

50
Q
A
51
Q
A

:)

52
Q

Deoxygenated blood returns to the RIGHT ATRIUM via the ____ and the _____

A

SVC; IVC

53
Q

From the right atrium, deoxygenated blood travels to the right ventricle, then to the the _____

A

pulmonary trunk

54
Q

The pulmonary trunk divides into the right and left ______, which branch into ___ arteries, which branch into ____ arteries

A

The pulmonary trunk divides into the right and left PULMONARY ARTERIES, which branch into LOBAR ARTERIES, which branch into SEGMENTAL ARTERIES

55
Q

True or False: Blood is oxygenated in the lungs

A

True

56
Q

Smaller veins in the lungs converge to form the ____, which convey oxygenated blood to the left atrium

A

Smaller veins in the lungs converge to form the PULMONARY VEINS

57
Q

What two structures of the lung convey inspired air into the lungs and expired air out of the lungs?

A

Trachea and Bronchial Tree (Together, they are known as the tracheobronchial tree)

58
Q

____: Fibrocartilagenous tube consisting of C shaped rings (courses through the neck and into mediastinum)

A

Trachea

59
Q

In the mediastinum, the trachea divides into the ___ and ___ main bronchi, which extends into the respective lungs

A

left and right main bronchi

60
Q

At the hilum, the main bronchus divide into _____ (each serving one LOBE of each lung), which divide into ____ (each serving one SEGMENT of the lung)

A

Lobar Bronchi
Segmental Bronchi

61
Q
A
62
Q

Changes in thoracic cavity dimensions are achieved by movements of ___ and ____

A

diaphragm; ribs/sternum

63
Q

True or False: The volume of the lungs is maintained by the surface tension in the pleural fluid in the pleural cavity, which presses the parietal pleura against
the thoracic wall

A

True

Anatomy (28 decks)

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