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Anatomy > L12: Thoracic Wall II > Flashcards

L12: Thoracic Wall II Flashcards

1
Q

____: the space enclosed by the thoracic wall, containing the mediastinum and the pulmonary cavities
A. Thoracic Cavity
B. Pulmonary Cavities
C. Mediastinum

A

A. Thoracic cavity

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2
Q

_____: paired; located laterally in completely separate compartments containing lungs and pleura
A. Thoracic Cavity
B. Pulmonary Cavities
C. Mediastinum

A

B. Pulmonary cavities

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3
Q

____: unpaired; located centrally; important contents include the heart, great vessels, trachea, and esophagus
A. Thoracic Cavity
B. Pulmonary Cavities
C. Mediastinum

A

C. Mediastinum

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4
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A
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8
Q

_____ is located between the superior
thoracic aperture and a transverse
plane through the sternal angle
A. Superior Medistinum
B. Lateral Medistinum
C. Inferior Medistinum

A

A. Superior Medistinum

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9
Q

____is located between a transverse plane
through the sternal angle and the
thoraco-abdominal diaphragm

A. Superior Medistinum
B. Lateral Medistinum
C. Inferior Medistinum

A

C. Inferior Medistinum

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10
Q
A
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11
Q

The inferior mediastinum is further
subdivided into the: ___, ___, and ___ mediastinum

A

Inferior mediastinum -
A. Middle medistinum
B. Anterior medistinum
C. Posterior medistinum

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12
Q
A
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13
Q

_____ is located between the
sternum and the pericardium surrounding
the heart

A. Anterior mediastinum
B. Middle mediastinum
C. Posterior mediastinum

A

A. Anterior mediastinum

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14
Q

_____ between the anterior
mediastinum and the posterior mediastinum

A. Anterior mediastinum
B. Middle mediastinum
C. Posterior mediastinum

A

B. Middle mediastinum

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15
Q

______ between the
pericardium and the thoracic vertebrae

A. Anterior mediastinum
B. Middle mediastinum
C. Posterior mediastinum

A

C. Posterior mediastinum

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16
Q

The thymus extends from the superior to the ____ mediastinum

The esophagus courses from the superior
mediastinum to the ____ mediastinum.

A

anterior
posterior

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17
Q
A
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18
Q

____: the tissue that invests and encloses each lung, made up of pleura

A

Pleural Sac

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19
Q

What are the two pleurae?

A

1) Parietal
2) Visceral

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20
Q

____: the potential space between parietal and visceral pleurae

A

Pleural Cavity: the potential space between parietal and visceral pleurae

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21
Q

____: inner layer; covers the lungs; adheres to all the surfaces of the lungs

A

Visceral Pleura: inner layer; covers the lungs; adheres to all the surfaces of the lungs

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22
Q

____: outer layer; lines the pulmonary cavities; adheres to the thoracic wall, mediastinum, and diaphragm

A

Parietal Pleura: outer layer; lines the pulmonary cavities; adheres to the thoracic wall, mediastinum, and diaphragm

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23
Q

The pleural cavity contains a thin layer of serous fluid known as ____, which lubricates the pleura and facilitates movement

A

pleural fluid

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24
Q

___ in the pleural fluid keeps the surface of the lung pressed against the thoracic wall

A

Surface tension

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25
When can the pleural cavity become a real space, as opposed to a potential space?
Pathology or injury
26
True or False: Pulmonary recesses are areas in which the pleural cavity is enlarged (since lungs do not completely fill the pulmonary cavities)
True
27
Role of Pulmonary Recesses?
1) accommodating changes in lung volume during breathing and 2) potential spaces containing only a small amount of pleural fluid
28
Costomediastinal recesses are located ___ to sternum Costodiaphragmatic recesses are located ___ between the thoracic wall and diaphragm
Costomediastinal recesses are located POSTERIOR to sternum Costodiaphragmatic recesses are located INFERIORLY, between the thoracic wall and diaphragm
29
30
___: the primary organs of respiration whose function is to oxygenate blood by bringing it into close contact with inspired air
Lungs
31
Which part of the lung is located in the superiormost area and extends into the neck?
Apex of the lung
32
Which part of the lung is concave and located in the inferior portion, adjacent to the diaphragm?
Base of the lung
33
34
How many lobes are located in the right lung? How many lobes are located in the left lung?
Right lung has three lobes Left lung has two lobes
35
What are the THREE lobes of the right lung known as?
1) Superior/Upper Lobe 2) Middle Lobe 3) Inferior/Lower Lobe
36
What are the two fissures of the right lung known as? What is the one fissure of the left lung known as?
Right Lung 1) Oblique Fissure 2) Horizontal Fissure Left Lung 1) Oblique Fissure
37
What are the TWO lobes of the left lung known as?
1) Superior/Upper 2) Inferior/Lower
38
39
The oblique fissure of the RIGHT lung separates the ___ lobe from the ___ and __ lobes The horizontal fissure of the RIGHT lung separates the ___ lobe from the ___ lobe
The oblique fissure of the RIGHT lung separates the inferior lobe from the middle and superior lobes The horizontal fissure of the RIGHT lung separates the middle lobe from the superior lobe
40
The oblique fissure of the LEFT lung separates the ___ lobe from the ___ lobe
superior; inferior
41
42
Both lungs consist of ~ how many segments?
10
43
Each lung segment is supplied by a segmental branch of the respective ____ and by a segmental branch of the ___
pulmonary artery; bronchus
44
_____: one segment of a lung and one segmental branch of the bronchi and pulmonary artery
Bronchopulmonary segment: one segment of a lung and one segmental branch of the bronchi and pulmonary artery
45
True or False: Bronchopulmonary segments are anatomically and functionally independent of other segments
True
46
____: area on the medial surface of the lung at which structures enter/exit
HILUM OF THE LUNG
47
True or False: The root of the lung contains all the structures that enter/exit the lungs
True
48
What three structures are located in the root of the lung?
1) Main Bronchus (one on each side) 2) Pulmonary Artery (one on each side) 3) Pulmonary Veins (two on each side)
49
____: double layer of parietal pleura located directly inferior to the hilum/root
Pulmonary Ligament
50
51
:)
52
Deoxygenated blood returns to the RIGHT ATRIUM via the ____ and the _____
SVC; IVC
53
From the right atrium, deoxygenated blood travels to the right ventricle, then to the the _____
pulmonary trunk
54
The pulmonary trunk divides into the right and left ______, which branch into ___ arteries, which branch into ____ arteries
The pulmonary trunk divides into the right and left PULMONARY ARTERIES, which branch into LOBAR ARTERIES, which branch into SEGMENTAL ARTERIES
55
True or False: Blood is oxygenated in the lungs
True
56
Smaller veins in the lungs converge to form the ____, which convey oxygenated blood to the left atrium
Smaller veins in the lungs converge to form the PULMONARY VEINS
57
What two structures of the lung convey inspired air into the lungs and expired air out of the lungs?
Trachea and Bronchial Tree (Together, they are known as the tracheobronchial tree)
58
____: Fibrocartilagenous tube consisting of C shaped rings (courses through the neck and into mediastinum)
Trachea
59
In the mediastinum, the trachea divides into the ___ and ___ main bronchi, which extends into the respective lungs
left and right main bronchi
60
At the hilum, the main bronchus divide into _____ (each serving one LOBE of each lung), which divide into ____ (each serving one SEGMENT of the lung)
Lobar Bronchi Segmental Bronchi
61
62
Changes in thoracic cavity dimensions are achieved by movements of ___ and ____
diaphragm; ribs/sternum
63
True or False: The volume of the lungs is maintained by the surface tension in the pleural fluid in the pleural cavity, which presses the parietal pleura against the thoracic wall
True

Anatomy (28 decks)

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