L23: Urinary System

Question 1

What are the four major components of the urinary system?

Answer 1

Kidney
Ureters
Urinary Bladder
Urethra

Question 2

Which body system produces, collects, and stores prior to micturition?

Answer 2

Urinary System

Question 3

True or False: The Urinary System maintains homeostasis via the removal of excess water, salts, and metabolic waste products from blood

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The Urinary System spans which two cavities?

Answer 4

• Abdominal Cavity
• Pelvic Cavity

Question 5

Answer 5

Question 6

The kidneys are located from __ to ___ vertebral levels

Answer 6

T12-L3

Question 7

Which is lower than the other due to the presence of the liver: the left or the right kidney?

Answer 7

Right kidney is slight lower (due to liver)

Question 8

Since the kidneys develop and remain outside of the peritoneal cavity, they are considered to be ____ viscera

Answer 8

Retroperitoneal viscera

Question 9

The kidneys are located in the upper left and right quadrant of the ___ ___ wall

Answer 9

posterior abdominal wall

Question 10

Answer 10

Question 11

Answer 11

Question 12

Answer 12

Question 13

Which structure in the kidney does the renal artery/vein, as well as the ureter pass to/from?

Answer 13

Hilum

Question 14

Answer 14

Question 15

External to the renal capsule is a layer of perirenal fat, which is surrounded by ___

Answer 15

renal fascia

Question 16

___ is the layer between the renal capsule and the renal medulla

Answer 16

Question 17

___ is the site of filtration
A. Renal columns
B. Renal papilla
C. Major calyx
D. Renal Cortex

Answer 17

D. Renal Cortex

Question 18

_____: extension of the renal cortex that project inward between medullary segments
A. Renal columns
B. Renal papilla
C. Major calyx
D. Renal Cortex

Answer 18

A. Renal columns

Question 19

____ contains the renal pyramids
A. Renal columns
B. Renal papilla
C. Major calyx
D. Renal Cortex
E. Renal Medulla

Answer 19

E. Renal Medulla

Question 20

___ is the apex of the renal pyramid opening into the urine collecting system

Answer 20

Renal papilla

Question 21

Which calyx is responsible for draining one renal papilla?

Answer 21

Minor Calyx

Question 22

True or False: The major calyx receives urine from several minor calices

Answer 22

True

Question 23

Which structure receives urine from the major calices, leading to the ureter?

Answer 23

Renal Pelvis

Question 24

Answer 24

Question 25

Answer 25

Question 26

Answer 26

Question 27

The renal a. comes off the _____

Answer 27

abdominal aorta

Question 28

Which renal artery is LONGER and passes posterior to the IVC?

Answer 28

Right renal artery is longer than the left and passes posterior to the IVC

Question 29

Which renal vein is longer, passes anterior to the aorta, and inferior to the superior mesenteric a.

Answer 29

The left renal vein

Question 30

Answer 30

Question 31

Where does the renal v drain into?

Answer 31

IVC

Question 32

___: muscular tubes that transport urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder via peristalsis

Answer 32

Ureter

Question 33

Answer 33

Question 34

Answer 34

Question 35

True or False: The ureter is retroperitoneal viscera

Answer 35

True

Question 36

Answer 36

Question 37

Answer 37

Question 38

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Question 39

The ureters descend inferiorly along the ___ m. through the ___ crossing over the ____ a., just past the bifurcation with the internal iliac a.

Answer 39

psoas major ; pelvic inlet; external iliac a.

Question 40

The ureter continues along the lateral pelvic wall, coursing ____ to enter the ___ aspect of the urinary bladder.

Answer 40

medially ; posterior

Question 41

In males, the ureter course under the ____; In females, the ureter courses under the ____

Answer 41

ductus deferens uterine a.

Question 42

What are the three primary sites of constriction/potential sites of obstruction (from kidney stones)?

Answer 42

1. Junction of renal pelvis & ureters 2. Crossing of pelvic inlet 3. At passage into urinary bladder wall

Question 43

Which arteries supply branches to the ureters?

Answer 43

- Renal aa. - Gonadal aa. - Abdominal aorta - Common & Internal iliac aa. - Uterine aa. (females) - Inferior vesicular aa. (males)

Question 44

Where do the veins of the ureter ultimately drain?

Answer 44

IVC

Question 45

____: Muscular, three-sided pyramidal organ for urine storage located in the pelvic cavity

Answer 45

Urinary Bladder

Question 46

True or False: The urinary bladder expands into the abdominal cavity when full potentially to the level of the umbilicus.

Answer 46

True

Question 47

Answer 47

Question 48

Answer 48

Question 49

What type of muscle makes up the urinary bladder?

Answer 49

detrusor muscle

Question 50

Apex with ____: an embryological remnant continuing to the umbilicus.

Answer 50

median umbilical ligament

Question 51

Which structure of the bladder is where the ureters enter?

Answer 51

Fundus – opposite the apex through which the ureters enter

Question 52

___: Smooth triangular area on the internal surface between openings of the ureters (____) and urethra (____).

Answer 52

Tigon; ureteric orifices; internal urethral orifice

Question 53

Inferolateral surfaces of the urinary bladder rests on the ____.

Answer 53

pelvic diaphragm

Question 54

The base (fundus) of the urinary bladder is associated with ____ (males) or ___ (females)

Answer 54

rectum; vagina

Question 55

The apex of the urinary bladder is associated with the ___ ___

Answer 55

pubic symphysis

Question 56

The superior surface of the urinary bladder is in contact with abdominal ____ peritoneum and ___ (females)

Answer 56

parietal ; uterus

Question 57

Answer 57

Question 58

Answer 58

Question 59

Which artery supplies the bladder? A. External Iliac a. B. Common Iliac a C. Internal Iliac a.

Answer 59

C. Internal Iliac a.

Question 60

Which a. branch of the internal iliac a?

Answer 60

1) Superior vesicular 2a) Males - inferior vesicular 2b) Females - vaginal a

Question 61

The urethra is a conduit for urine, beginning at the base of the bladder, specifically the _____ orfice and terminating externally at the _____ orfice

Answer 61

internal urethral orifice; external urethral orifice

Question 62

The urethra has two sphincters: 1) the internal urethral sphincter 2) the external urethral sphincter Which contains smooth muscle and is involuntary? Which contains skeletal muscle and is voluntary?

Answer 62

Ext. urethral sphincter = skeletal m/voluntary Internal urethral sphincter = smooth m/involuntary

Question 63

Compare and contrast the urethra in males and females:

Answer 63

Females

Question 64

Answer 64

Question 65

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Question 66

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Question 67

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Question 68

Compare and contrast the length of the urethra in males and females:

Answer 68

Males = long Females = short

Question 69

In the female, the urethra travels inferiorly along a slight curve through the ___ and ___ and exits anterior to the vaginal opening in the ____

Answer 69

pelvic floor and perineum; vestibule

Question 70

What are the four partitions of the male urethra?

Answer 70

Question 71

In males, the spongy part of the urethra is surrounded by the ____ ___ of the penis

Answer 71

corpus spongiosum

Question 72

Which of the male urethral partitions is the opening for ejaculatory & prostatic ducts ? A. Pre-prostatic B. Prostatic C. Membranous D. Spongy

Answer 72

B. Prostatic

Question 73

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Question 75

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Question 77

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Question 78

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Question 79

Which arteries branch of the internal iliac?

Answer 79

1) Internal pudendal aa. 2a) Vaginal aa. (female) 2b) Inferior vesicular aa. (males) 3a). Middle rectal aa. (males)

Question 80

What is the path that urine flows?