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Anatomy > L23: Urinary System > Flashcards

L23: Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four major components of the urinary system?

A

Kidney
Ureters
Urinary Bladder
Urethra

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2
Q

Which body system produces, collects, and stores prior to micturition?

A

Urinary System

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3
Q

True or False: The Urinary System maintains homeostasis via the removal of excess water, salts, and metabolic waste products from blood

A

True

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4
Q

The Urinary System spans which two cavities?

A
  • Abdominal Cavity
  • Pelvic Cavity
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5
Q
A
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6
Q

The kidneys are located from __ to ___ vertebral levels

A

T12-L3

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7
Q

Which is lower than the other due to the presence of the liver: the left or the right kidney?

A

Right kidney is slight lower (due to liver)

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8
Q

Since the kidneys develop and remain outside of the peritoneal cavity, they are considered to be ____ viscera

A

Retroperitoneal viscera

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9
Q

The kidneys are located in the upper left and right quadrant of the ___ ___ wall

A

posterior abdominal wall

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10
Q
A
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11
Q
A
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12
Q
A
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13
Q

Which structure in the kidney does the renal artery/vein, as well as the ureter pass to/from?

A

Hilum

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14
Q
A
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15
Q

External to the renal capsule is a layer of perirenal fat, which is surrounded by ___

A

renal fascia

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16
Q

___ is the layer between the renal capsule and the renal medulla

A
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17
Q

___ is the site of filtration
A. Renal columns
B. Renal papilla
C. Major calyx
D. Renal Cortex

A

D. Renal Cortex

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18
Q

_____: extension of the renal cortex that project inward between medullary segments
A. Renal columns
B. Renal papilla
C. Major calyx
D. Renal Cortex

A

A. Renal columns

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19
Q

____ contains the renal pyramids
A. Renal columns
B. Renal papilla
C. Major calyx
D. Renal Cortex
E. Renal Medulla

A

E. Renal Medulla

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20
Q

___ is the apex of the renal pyramid opening into the urine collecting system

A

Renal papilla

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21
Q

Which calyx is responsible for draining one renal papilla?

A

Minor Calyx

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22
Q

True or False: The major calyx receives urine from several minor calices

A

True

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23
Q

Which structure receives urine from the major calices, leading to the ureter?

A

Renal Pelvis

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24
Q
A
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25
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26
Q
A
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27
Q

The renal a. comes off the _____

A

abdominal aorta

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28
Q

Which renal artery is LONGER and passes posterior to the IVC?

A

Right renal artery is longer than the left and passes posterior to the IVC

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29
Q

Which renal vein is longer, passes anterior to the aorta, and inferior to the superior mesenteric a.

A

The left renal vein

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30
Q
A
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31
Q

Where does the renal v drain into?

A

IVC

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32
Q

___: muscular tubes that transport urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder via peristalsis

A

Ureter

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33
Q
A
34
Q
A
35
Q

True or False: The ureter is retroperitoneal viscera

A

True

36
Q
A
37
Q
A
38
Q
A
39
Q

The ureters descend inferiorly along the ___ m.
through the ___ crossing over the
____ a., just past the bifurcation with
the internal iliac a.

A

psoas major ; pelvic inlet; external iliac a.

40
Q

The ureter continues along the lateral pelvic wall, coursing ____ to enter the ___
aspect of the urinary bladder.

A

medially ; posterior

41
Q

In males, the ureter course under the ____;

In females, the ureter courses under the ____

A

ductus deferens
uterine a.

42
Q

What are the three primary sites of constriction/potential
sites of obstruction (from kidney stones)?

A
  1. Junction of renal pelvis & ureters
  2. Crossing of pelvic inlet
  3. At passage into urinary bladder wall
43
Q

Which arteries supply branches to the ureters?

A
  • Renal aa.
  • Gonadal aa.
  • Abdominal aorta
  • Common & Internal iliac aa.
  • Uterine aa. (females)
  • Inferior vesicular aa. (males)
44
Q

Where do the veins of the ureter ultimately drain?

A

IVC

45
Q

____: Muscular, three-sided pyramidal organ for urine storage located in the pelvic cavity

A

Urinary Bladder

46
Q

True or False: The urinary bladder expands into the abdominal cavity when full potentially to the level of the umbilicus.

A

True

47
Q
A
48
Q
A
49
Q

What type of muscle makes up the urinary bladder?

A

detrusor muscle

50
Q

Apex with ____: an embryological
remnant continuing to the umbilicus.

A

median umbilical ligament

51
Q

Which structure of the bladder is where the ureters enter?

A

Fundus – opposite the apex through which the ureters
enter

52
Q

___: Smooth triangular area on the internal surface
between openings of the ureters (____) and
urethra (____).

A

Tigon; ureteric orifices; internal urethral orifice

53
Q

Inferolateral surfaces of the urinary bladder rests on the ____.

A

pelvic diaphragm

54
Q

The base (fundus) of the urinary bladder is
associated
with ____ (males) or
___ (females)

A

rectum; vagina

55
Q

The apex of the urinary bladder is associated with the ___ ___

A

pubic symphysis

56
Q

The superior surface of the urinary bladder is in contact
with abdominal ____
peritoneum and ___
(females)

A

parietal ; uterus

57
Q
A
58
Q
A
59
Q

Which artery supplies the bladder?
A. External Iliac a.
B. Common Iliac a
C. Internal Iliac a.

A

C. Internal Iliac a.

60
Q

Which a. branch of the internal iliac a?

A

1) Superior vesicular

2a) Males - inferior vesicular

2b) Females - vaginal a

61
Q

The urethra is a conduit for urine, beginning at the base of the bladder, specifically the _____ orfice and terminating externally at the _____ orfice

A

internal urethral orifice; external urethral orifice

62
Q

The urethra has two sphincters:
1) the internal urethral sphincter
2) the external urethral
sphincter

Which contains smooth muscle and is involuntary? Which contains skeletal muscle and is voluntary?

A

Ext. urethral sphincter = skeletal m/voluntary

Internal urethral sphincter =
smooth m/involuntary

63
Q

Compare and contrast the urethra in males and females:

A

Females

64
Q
A
65
Q
A
66
Q
A
67
Q
A
68
Q

Compare and contrast the length of the urethra in males and females:

A

Males = long
Females = short

69
Q

In the female, the urethra
travels inferiorly along a slight
curve through the ___ and ___
and exits anterior to the
vaginal opening in the ____

A

pelvic floor and perineum; vestibule

70
Q

What are the four partitions of the male urethra?

A
71
Q

In males, the spongy part of the urethra is surrounded by the ____ ___ of the penis

A

corpus spongiosum

72
Q

Which of the male urethral partitions is the opening for ejaculatory &
prostatic ducts ?
A. Pre-prostatic
B. Prostatic
C. Membranous
D. Spongy

A

B. Prostatic

73
Q
A
74
Q
A
75
Q
A
76
Q
A
77
Q
A
78
Q
A
79
Q

Which arteries branch of the internal iliac?

A

1) Internal pudendal aa.
2a) Vaginal aa. (female)
2b) Inferior vesicular aa. (males)
3a). Middle rectal aa. (males)

80
Q

What is the path that urine flows?

A

Anatomy (28 decks)

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