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ANAT 200 > Lecture 5 - The Appendicular Skeleton > Flashcards

Lecture 5 - The Appendicular Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

what are the three functional roles of the appendicular skeleton?

A

1) allows for completion of daily tasks such as eating
2) allows for adjustments in body posture
3) allows for mobility of the body

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2
Q

comprised of an acromial (lateral) end and a sternal (medial) end

A

clavicle

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3
Q

synovial joint from the acromian to clavicle

A

acromioclavicular joint

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4
Q

synovial joint that from the sternum to clavicle

A

sternoclavicular joint

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5
Q

the acriomioclavicular joint is a passive joint, which means:

A

it is stabilized by so many ligaments that it just follows the scapula

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6
Q

the articular disc (fibrocartilage) that forms the sternoclavicular joints allows for:

A

movement on two planes

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7
Q

name the ten key parts of the scapula:

A
  • vertebral border
  • axillary border
  • superior border
  • subscapular fossa
  • scapular spine
  • acromion
  • supraspinous fossa
  • inferior fossa
  • coracoid process
  • glenoid fossa
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8
Q

part of the scapula that rests against the thoracic cage

A

subscapular fossa

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9
Q

part of the scapula that articulates with the humerous

A

glenoid fossa

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10
Q

part of the scapula that articulates with the clavicle

A

acromion

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11
Q

name the ten parts of the humerus

A
  • humeral head
  • greater tubercle
  • lesser tubercle
  • intertubercular sulcus
  • deltoid tuberosity
  • medial epicondyle
  • lateral epicondyle
  • olecranon fossa
  • capitulum
  • trochlea
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12
Q

part of the humerus that articulates with the glenoid

A

humeral head

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13
Q

the greater and lesser tubercle in the humerus allows for:

A

muscle attachment

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14
Q

part of the humerus that attaches to the deltoids

A

deltoid tuberosity

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15
Q

medial bump beside the condyle on the humerus

A

medial epicondyle

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16
Q

lateral bump beside the condyle on the humerus

A

lateral epicondyle

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17
Q

part of the humerus that allows for full arm extension

A

olecranon fossa

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18
Q

two synovial joints which articulate with the humeral condyle

A

capitulum and trochlea

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19
Q

the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint is what type of joint?

A

synovial ball and socket

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20
Q

the joint capsule of the glenohumeral joint is ____; reinforced by ____

A

weak, four shoulder muscles

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21
Q

in the shoulder, there is nothing protecting the armpit, making ____ most common

A

inferior dislocation

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22
Q

name the eight main parts of the radius and ulna

A
  • trochlear notch
  • coronoid process
  • olecranon process
  • radial head
  • radial tuberosity
  • radial styloid process
  • ulnar styloid process
  • interosseous membrane (syndemosis)
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23
Q

bone of the forearm in the lateral position (associated with the thumb)

A

radius

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24
Q

bone of the forearm in the medial position

A

ulna

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25
Q

which is larger, the radial or ulnar styloid process?

A

the radial styloid process (therefore the radius has more movement)

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26
Q

the joint between the trochlea (humerus) and the trochlear notch (ulna) can be described as what type of joint?

A

hinge joint (synovial uniaxial)

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27
Q

the joint between the capitulum (humerus) and the radial head (radius) can be described as what type of joint?

A

pivot joint (synovial uniaxial)

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28
Q

how many carpal bones are there in one hand?

A

8

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29
Q

how many metacarpal bones are there in one hand?

A

5

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30
Q

how many phalanges are there in one hand?

A

14

31
Q

name the proximal carpal bones

A

1) scaphoid
2) lunate
3) triquetrium
4) pisiform

32
Q

name the distal carpal bones

A

5) trapezium
6) trapezoid
7) capitate
8) hamate

33
Q

the joint between the radius and the scaphoid is what kind of joint?

A

condylar joint (synovial biaxial)

34
Q

the joints between the phalanges are all:

A

hinge joints (synovial uniaxial)

35
Q

the joints between the carpals are all:

A

plane joints (allows slight movements)

36
Q

the joints between the metacarpals and phalanges are all:

A

condylar joints (synovial biaxial)

37
Q

the joint between the trapezium and the first metacarpal is a:

A

modified saddle shaped joint (synovial specialized biaxial)

38
Q

what are the three main components of the pelvic bones (os coxae)?

A

1) ilium (superior)
2) ischium (posterior)
3) pubis (anterior)

39
Q

the part of the pevic bones where the femoral head articulates

A

acetabulum

40
Q

the part of the pelvic bones that is superior to the entire ilium

A

the iliac crest

41
Q

the part of the iliac crest where muscles attach?

A

anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)

42
Q

the part of the pelvic bones where the sciatic nerve is found

A

greater sciatic notch

43
Q

part of the posterior border of the body of the ischium bone of the pelvis

A

ischial spine

44
Q

part of the pelvis that holds the entire body weight when sitting down

A

ischial tuberosity

45
Q

cartilaginous, articular surface of the pubis

A

pibic symphysis

46
Q

name the ten key parts of the femur

A

1) femoral head
2) femoral neck
3) greater trochanter
4) lesser trochanter
5) intertrochanteric line
6) gluteal tuberosity
7) linea aspera
8) medial condyle
9) lateral condyle
10) patellar surface

47
Q

what is the function of the femoral neck?

A

provides lots of stability to the leg

48
Q

long, raised line on the femur where thigh muscles attach

A

linea aspera

49
Q

what are the four articular surfaces of the femur?

A
  • femoral head
  • medial condyle
  • lateral condyle
  • patellar surface
50
Q

the hip joint is what type of joint?

A

ball and socket (synovial multiaxial)

51
Q

the capsule of the hip joint is reinforced anteriorly by the:

A

iliofemoral ligament

52
Q

name the seven key components of the tibia and fibula

A

1) medial condyle
2) lateral condyle
3) tibial tuberosity
4) head of fibula
5) medial malleolus
6) lateral malleolus
7) interosseus membrane (syndesmosis)

53
Q

the medial malleolus and the lateral malleolus form the:

A

ankle joint

54
Q

sight of major muscle group attachment on the tibia

A

tibial tuberosity

55
Q

name the four articular surfaces in the tibia and fibula

A
  • medial condyle
  • lateral condyle
  • medial malleolus
  • lateral malleolus
56
Q

what are the four main parts of the knee joint?

A

1) patella
2) quadriceps tendon
3) patellar ligament
4) meniscus

57
Q

part of the knee joint that increases the leverage of the quadriceps

A

patellar ligament (bone to bone)

58
Q

what is the function of the meniscus?

A

increases the range of motion of knee and increases shock absorption

59
Q

the knee joint is what type of joint?

A

a modified hinge joint (synovial biaxial)

60
Q

name the six main knee ligaments

A

1) lateral collateral ligament (LCL)
2) medial collateral ligament (MCL)
3) lateral meniscus
4) medial meniscus
5) posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
6) anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)

61
Q

the ligaments in the knee that allow for slight rotation

A

the PCL and ACL

62
Q

name the seven tarsal bones

A

1) talus
2) calcaneus
3) navicular
4) cuboid
5) cuniforms (medial, intermediate, and lateral)

63
Q

how many metatarsals are there in one foot?

A

5

64
Q

how many phalanges are there in one foot?

A

14

65
Q

the tarsal bone that attaches to the tibia

A

talus (T&T)

66
Q

the tarsal bone where the achilles heel attaches

A

calcaneus

67
Q

the boat shaped tarsal bone

A

navicular

68
Q

the tarsal bone that sits in front of the calcaneus

A

cuboid

69
Q

the joint between the tibia and talus (ankle joint) is what type of joint?

A

hinge joint (allows planterflexion and dorsiflextion)

70
Q

the joint between the talus and navicular (tavonavicular/subnavicular) is what type of joint

A

condylar joint (allows inversion and eversion)

71
Q

the most commonly injured join in the body

A

talonavicular joint

72
Q

the joints between the tarsals (that aren’t the talonavicular and ankle joints) are what type of joints?

A

plane joints (allows slight motions)

73
Q

the joints between the metatarsals and the planges are:

A

condylar joints (allows flexion/extension and abduction/adduction of digits)

74
Q

the joints between the phalanges (in the foot) are:

A

hinge joints (allows flexion/extension of digits)

ANAT 200 (24 decks)

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