Lecture 19 - The Respiratory System Flashcards
what are the functions of the respiratory system?
- exchange of gas between the atmosphere and the blood
- filtration
- temperature regulation
- humidification of air
- olfaction (sense of smell)
- production of sound
what is the arbitrary boundary between the upper and lower parts of the respiratory system?
the vocal cords
what are the two portions of the respiratory system?
conducting and respiratory
contains all the vessels that carry air to the sites of gas exchange
the conducting portion of the respiratory system
contains the sites of gas exchange with the blood
the respiratory portion of the respiratory system
list the nine main portions of the upper respiratory system
- external nares (nostrils)
- nasal vestibule
- conchae
- internal nares
- nasopharynx
- eustachian tube
- oropharynx
- epiglottis
- laryngopharynx
the site of air humidification, filtration, and warming
conchae
two holes at the back of the conchae which serve as the connection between the nasal cavity and pharynx
internal nares
an opening in the nasopharynx which equalizes pressure in the middle ear
eustachian tube
what are the three main functions of the upper respiratory system?
- allows movement of air in and out of the body
- warms and humidifies air
- trap particulates and pathogens
closure of the epiglottis is complex, but upward movement of _____ and posterior movement of _____ are important
the larynx, the tongue
true or false: the vocal cords close while swallowing
true
the midline tube with stiff cartilage rings that prevents collapse
the trachea
the site where blood vessels, lymphatics, nerves, and bronchi enter and leave the lungs
the hilum
the strucutes that meet at the hilum in the lungs form:
the root of the lungs
why do all of the vessels in the lung enter and exit through the same spot?
leaves the lungs free for movement
how many lobes are present in the right lung and what are their names?
three lobes (superior, middle, and inferior)