Lecture 4 - The Axial Skeletion

Question 1

what are the four functional roles of the axial skeleton?

Answer 1

1) supportive and protective framework for internal organs
2) skull houses special sensory organs
3) vertebral column and ribs provide extensive attachment for muscles moving in the head, neck, trunk, and limbs
4) thoracic cage performs movements during respiration

Question 2

how many bones are in the neurocranium?

Answer 2

8

Question 3

how many bones are in the viscerocranium?

Answer 3

14

Question 4

name the bones in the neurocranium

Answer 4

• occipital
• temporal (2)
• parietal (2)
• sphenoid
• ethmoid
• frontal

Question 5

name the bones in the viscerocranium

Answer 5

• mandible
• maxilla (2)
• zygomatic (2)
• palatine (2)
• vomer
• nasal (2)
• lacrimal (2)
• inferior nasal concha (2)

Question 6

forehead bonebone located at the forehead

Answer 6

frontal bone

Question 7

two large bones on either side of the skull

Answer 7

parietal bones

Question 8

bone located at the very back of the skull

Answer 8

occipital bone

Question 9

two bones located by the ears

Answer 9

temporal bone

Question 10

the jaw bone

Answer 10

mandible

Question 11

two bones that make connections with your upper teeth

Answer 11

maxilla

Question 12

cheekbone that forms and arch with the temporal bone

Answer 12

zygomatic bone

Question 13

bone that seperates the cranium and the face

Answer 13

sphenoid

Question 14

bone associated with a sense of smell

Answer 14

ethmoid bone

Question 15

two bones associated with the nose and tear ducts

Answer 15

lacrimal bone

Question 16

two bones that form the top of the nose

Answer 16

nasal bones

Question 17

fibrous connective tissue that connects the frontal bone to the parietal bones

Answer 17

coronal suture (like a tiara)

Question 18

triangular shaped fibrous connective tissue that connects the parietal bones to the occipital bone

Answer 18

lambdoid suture

Question 19

fibrous connective tissue that connects the temporal bone to the parietal bone

Answer 19

squamous suture

Question 20

attaches to the sternaclaidomastoid

Answer 20

mastoid process

Question 21

associated with the tongue and hyloid

Answer 21

styloid process

Question 22

not a full canal, but an entrance

Answer 22

external auditory (acoustic) meatus

Question 23

surrounded by chewing muscles

Answer 23

zygomatic arch

Question 24

fibrous connective tissue that connects the two parietal bones

Answer 24

saggital suture

Question 25

the superior and middle nasal conchae are both part of what bone(s)?

Answer 25

ethmoid bones

Question 26

a gap in the sphenoid bone that allows vasculature and nerves to pass between the cranium and the face

Answer 26

superior orbital fissure

Question 27

a gap in the sphenoid bone for the optic nerve to pass from the bace to the brain

Answer 27

optic canal

Question 28

not part of the ethmoid but has lots of vasculature that heats up air when breathing

Answer 28

inferior nasal conchae

Question 29

two bones which form the hard palate, surrounds the nasal cavities, and reaches all the way up to the orbit

Answer 29

palatine bones

Question 30

small bone at the base of the skull and forms part of the entrance to the nasal cavity

Answer 30

vomer

Question 31

a joint surface at the bottom of the skull which articulates with the vertebral column

Answer 31

occipital condyle

Question 32

the biggest hole in the body (for the spinal cord)

Answer 32

foramen magnum

Question 33

hole in the temporal bone for the carotid artery to enter the skull

Answer 33

carotid canal

Question 34

hole in the temporal bone where the jugalar vein exits the skull

Answer 34

jugular foramen

Question 35

part of the ethmoid which has lots of little bones that allow for a sense of smell (densley innervated)

Answer 35

cribriform plate

Question 36

pocket in the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland sits

Answer 36

sella turcica (turkish saddle)

Question 37

what part of the temporal bone allows for hearing and balance?

Answer 37

petrous portion

Question 38

what are the anterior, middle, and posterior cranial fossae?

Answer 38

where the lobes of the brain rest within the cranial cavity (taking steps down from anterior to middle to posterior)