Lecture 3 (Blood cells, vessels and the heart)

Question 1

Red Blood Cells

Answer 1

RBCs
Suspended in plasma
Made in the bone marrorw
Start with a nucleus it’s shed for the hemoglobin molecules
120 days takes for blood cells to circulate the body

Question 2

Anemia’s

Answer 2

Abnormalities of RBCs
Iron defecency = insufficent concumption of iron
Bleed internall, not enough blood cells

Question 3

Sickle Cell anemia

Answer 3

Hemoglobin - S cause this
Inherited genetic disorder
Causes the RBCs to look like C shaped structure, and thus clump together (sickle)
Blood flow is blocked causeing pain in areas where it happens
Increases risk of stroke
Transfusion of blood will fulsh the body (Only temporary)

Question 4

Blood Clots

Answer 4

RBCs sticking to plateletes 
Clots in arteries = Stroke
bloods clots in veins can travel to lung and brain
Asprin dissolve blood clots 
Too much asprin = More bleeding

Question 5

Clotting disorders

Answer 5

Hemophilias
Constant bleeding
Genetic disorder

Question 6

Leukocytes

Answer 6

White blood cells (WBCs)

1. neutrophils
2. Basophils
3. Eosinophils
4. Monocytes
5. Lymphocytes

Question 7

Neutrophils

Answer 7

Are the most common in the blood
First defense from bacteria,
neutral in color

Question 8

Basophils

Answer 8

Blue cells
1. Hemperin: Dissovle blood clots, platelets break
2. Histamin: alergic reaction, running nose, tearings of eyes
Anti histamine cause basophil to stop producing compounds

Question 9

Eosinophils

Answer 9

Red Cells
Hay fever and pollen incrs these cells
React to parasites (Do not kill worms)

Question 10

Agranulocytes

Answer 10

Cells without granuels in the cytoplasm

Monocytes and Lymphocytes

Question 11

Monocyctes

Answer 11

Pail blue cytoplasm
Deal with dead and dying cells
Monocytes in lungs deal with junk in the lung
Vaccum cleaner

Question 12

Lymphocytes

Answer 12

Slightly bigger than red blood cells
Dark blue cells
Anti-bodies
basis of immunization
Vaccination = fooling lymphocytes into thinking you have the \_\_\_\_\_

Question 13

Mononeucleosis

Answer 13

Disease of monocytes (ORIGINALLY THOUGHT)

Disease of lymphocytes that had the disease

Question 14

Leukimia’s

Answer 14

Cancer of the bone marrows

Abnormal white blood cells are realsed

Question 15

Acute leukmia

Answer 15

Common quickly and very servere

Question 16

Chronic leukmia

Answer 16

Slow symptoms diagnosed in years

Question 17

4 blood types

Answer 17

Proteins on the red blood cells were diff for diff ppl
O = none, universal donor
A = first protein discovered
B = 2nd protein
AB = Universal recepient

Question 18

Rh Factor

Answer 18

Pos. or neg.
Rh protein + = have - = dont have
Rhesus protein found originally in monkeys

Question 19

The heart

Answer 19

Muscular Pump
Made of cardiac Tissue
New borns have a hug heart
4 week = heart beat
Birth = use Lungs
1st year after birth = heart doubles in weight
Adol: heart grows bigger again
2,000 gallons of blood a day is pumped

Question 20

Hear orintation

Answer 20

Mostly on the left side because the right side rotates during 4 weeks into development
RIght = Front, Left = back side

Question 21

Pericardum

Answer 21

Covers the heart

Heart beat without friction

Question 22

Pericarditisis

Answer 22

Bacterial infection of the pericardium

Fluid fills the sack and squeezes the hear = extreme chest pain

Question 23

Left ventricle

Answer 23

Thick wall, does most the work

Question 24

Coronary Heart disease

Answer 24

Plaque in the artery cuts off blood supply to the heart

Question 25

Arteriosclerosis

Answer 25

Is a normal part of aging

Question 26

Heart disease (Statistic)

Answer 26

Lead cause of dropping dead 95% of cases

Question 27

Coronary Veins

Answer 27

NEVER develop any pathology

Question 28

Angina Pectoris

Answer 28

Chest pain
Left upper limb
The jaw
Heart tissue dies
Women exp nausea and vomiting

Question 29

Myocardial infarction

Answer 29

“Heart muscle” “interupted blood supply”

Heart attack

Question 30

Rheumatic Fever

Answer 30

May cause damage to the heart

infection of the heart.

Question 31

Vagas Nerver

Answer 31

Parasympathetic

Slows heart rate down

Question 32

Sympathetic Nerves

Answer 32

Increases heart rate

Question 33

Tachycardia

Answer 33

Abnormally rapid heart rate

Question 34

Bradycardia

Answer 34

Abnormally slow heart rate