Lecture 1 (History of Anatomy) Flashcards
4 Elements
Earth, air, water fire
4 conditions of the elements
Hot, cold, wet, dry
Dis-ease
Spiritual/ demons posses
Inbalance of the elements
4 Body Fluids
Humors
- Blood: came from the liver
- Phlegm: Mucus and pus, spit out through coughing
- Bile (yellow): gall bladder
- Bile (black): spleen
Hippocrates
400 B.C.
First to describe tuberculosis
Hippocrates
Categories of disease
Two
Acute: quick and lasted briefly
Chronic:long lasting (weeks, month, years)
Dis-ease groups
Sporadic: Only few ppl
Epidemic: many ppl, same problem
Hippocrate’s terms
Malignant: life threatening, evil and dangerous
Benign: innocent and would not kill you
Hippocratic Oath
Called men who wanted to study anatomy Oath to serve to community Do no harm Never perform abortion Would never hasten Death Disobey = cannot practice medicine
Aristotle
300 B.C.
The heart was the center of the mans soul, intelligence, personality, worth, character
Brain was responsible for cooing the blood
Men had fewer ribs and women had less teeth
Aristotle (Artery)
An air to or wind pipe
Vessels contain air not blood
Galen
150 A.D.
Father of Anatomy
wrote many volumes of anatomy of animals
Anatomy of animals were reflection of human anatomy
Injury to diff parts of spine = diff types of paralysis
Pulse too quick = dis-ease
His writings did not match human cadavers
Michelangelo and Leonardo
Given permission to look at human dissections by the church
Leonardo the first to understand the spine is not straight but had a natural curve
Versalius
“Father of modern anatomy”
Studying works of Galen
Went to cemeteries
Went to gallows to get bodies of dead prisoners
William Harvey
English physician
First understanding of flow of blood
Harvey (Blood flow)
Pattern to blood flow Understand heart is the pump Veins and arteries did two diff things Valves make it flow Coin the term Circulation
John Hunter
Physcian
Wanted to know everything about humans
Commissioned for ppl to bring diff animals back
Built Huntarian Museum (14,000 diff species)
Gave himself gonorrhea
because he believed that syphilis was an advanced form of Goneereha
Charles O’ Brian
Irish giant
Skeleton stolen by John Hunter
Body Snatchers
Physicians would pay to rob graves
Right after a body was burried
Robert Knox
Physician
Paid quite a lot
Burke and Hare
Hare owned a hotel
Burke and Hare decided to kill patrons of the hotel and sell to Robert Knox
Astley Cooper
Physician
First discovered aneurysm
Coopers Ligaments
Coopers Ligaments
In the female breast
Change in ligaments = possibly cancer
Henry Gray
Grey’s Anatomy, 1st edition at 29 yrs old
John Grant
died 1973
Wrote method of dissection
Still used
Willed Body Program
National U.S. program
Complete short concise will,
when they die a medical school will receive the body
They embalm and preserve
