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Nutrition > Lecture 24: Pig Nutrition 1 (Exam 3) > Flashcards

Lecture 24: Pig Nutrition 1 (Exam 3) Flashcards

1
Q

**Definition: **

lbs of feed consumed/ 1 lb of BW gain

A

Feed efficiency

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2
Q

**Definition: **

lbs of BW gain/ 1 lb of feed consumed

A

Efficiency of gain

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3
Q

What does ADG stand for

A

average daily gain

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4
Q

What does DDGS stand for

A

distillers dried grains with solubles

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5
Q

**Definition: **

young female pigs approaching breeding age

A

Gilts

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6
Q

**Definition: **

mature female pigs

A

Sow

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7
Q

**Definition: **

male pigs castrated before puberty

A

barrow

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8
Q

**Definition: **

male pig castrated after puberty

A

Stag

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9
Q

**Definition: **

sexually mature male pig

A

Boar

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10
Q

What type of digestive system do pigs have

A

monogastric

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11
Q

Nutrition represents what % of the total cost of pork production

A

60-75

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12
Q

Energy requirement for pigs are generally met by what feedstuff

A

corn

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13
Q

Do pigs have amino acid requirements or protein requirements

A

amino acid requirements

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14
Q

Sows can produce how many litters/ year

A

2.5

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15
Q

The most commonly used energy ingredient in pig diets is what?

A

corn

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16
Q

What is a big issue with commercial pig farms

A

Waste (legume - catches waste and is treated to become fertilizer)

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17
Q

**Definition: **

one company owns most or all aspects of production (feed, grain, breeding stock, meat processing and distribution all done by company - farmers just usually own farms)

A

vertical integration (smithfield, cargill, tyson etc)

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18
Q

types of swine operations

A
  • pet pigs
  • purebred
  • commercial operations
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19
Q

**Definition: **

produce foundation stock for commercial pigs (less than 1% of producers)

A

purebred operations

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20
Q

**Definition: **

commercial pig operation that has pigs from breeding to 270-285 lbs

A

farrow to finish (all stages combined)

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21
Q

What commercial swine operation has pigs from birth to 40-50 lbs

A

farrow to feeder(nursery and growing pigs)

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22
Q

**Definition: **

commercial swine operation that buys pigs around 40-50 lbs and feeds to market weight

A

feeder to finish operation

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23
Q

**Definition: **

commercial sine operation that has pigs at birth and sells at 10-15lbs (3 weeks)

A

farrow to wean

24
Q

List the housing system classifications for swine

A
  • pasture managed
  • combination pasture and low cost housing
  • high investment total confinement (CAFOS)
25
What is a concern with pasture managed pork
fiber digestibility (increase as pig matures but need to utilize forages at early stages of maturity)
26
What are the advantages of pasture managed pigs
* niche market * good exercise and activity
27
What are the disadvantages of pasture managed pigs
* rooting behavior and soil erosion * parasites * sunburn
28
What perennial pasture plants are used for pastured pork
* Alfalfa * Red clover * White clover * Timothy * kentucky blue grass * smooth bromegrass
29
What annual pasture plants are used for pastured pork
* oats * wheat * barley rye * soybeans
30
What is the Stocking rate for sows/acre & growing pigs/acre
* Sow/acre: 4-6 * Growing/acre: 10 12
31
# **Definition: ** total confinement swine management is an example of what operation
CAFO
32
IN total confinement management what housing is used for growing/ finishing pigs? What about for sows?
* Growing/finishing: group housing * Sows: Gestation/farrowing crates
33
High levels of management are needed for total confinement including what housing req
good ventilation and temperature control (pigs do not tolerate high temperature - lack sweat glands)
34
What housing type is highly mechanized, high investment, high levels of management, but have a high degree of control over feeding operation and disease control programs
total confinement
35
3 phases of feeding
* nursery pigs * feeder pigs * finishing
36
In gilts what should you do to avoid rapid weight gain during gestation
limit feed (same with gestating sows)
37
What diets should lactating sows be on
corn/SBM diets with 2-4% for additional energy
38
most common method of production
farrow to finish pigs
39
farrow to finish contain what lifestages
* gestating sows * lactating sows * early weaned pigs * growing pigs * finishing pgs
40
# **Range (age/ weight) they are used** Phase feeding of nursery pigs: phase diet 1
weaning at 12 lbs to 15lbs
41
Consideration of phase 1 diet include weaned pigs easily digesting lactose but have limited ability to digest what and utilize what
* Digest: plant proteins * Utilize: fat
42
Why should you gradually increase SBM in piglets in phase 1 diet
hypersensitivity reactions (proteins and carbs can be allergenic- start at 16-18% of diet)
43
What can be included in phase 1 diets as a source of protein and lactose
whey (other additions for protein include spray dried plasma and fish meal)
44
# **Range (age/ weight) they are used** Phase 2 diets are feeding what range of pigs (weight range)
15-25
45
Phase 2 diets are based on feeding what
* grain * SBM (20-24% of diet- also can add )
46
# **Range (age/ weight) they are used** Phase 3 diet feed what range pigs (weight range)
25-50 lbs BW
47
Phase 3 diet is based on feeding what
* grain and SBM only * fat at 1-3% fat
48
What is the goal of feeder (growing) pig operations
raise uniform groups of feeder pigs for sale
49
At what stage in operations is it vital to prevent or careful treat Health problems
feeder pig productions
50
Feeder(growing) pig require (more/less) total feed
less
51
Can you raise grow/finish operations on pasture or with limited facility
yes
52
advantages of grow/finishing productions
well adapted to producers who have large amounts of grain for feed, less labor
53
disadvantages of grow/finishing productions
health problems and variation in market prices
54
Nutrient requirements (increase/decrease) over the course of the growing finishing period
decrease
55
What should you ensure is matched to energy requirements in growing - finishing pigs
lysine
56
It is most common to have a what kind of phase diet in grower/finishing pigs
3-4
57
Lysine requirement in pigs, decreasing with (increasing/decreasing) BW
decreasing

Nutrition (26 decks)

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