Lecture 6: Healthy Pet Nutrition - Adult maintenance & Senior (Exam 1) Flashcards
How much water is needed
- 60 ml/kg BW/ day
Calculate the following
What are the sources of water in a diet
- Drinking water
- Food
- All food contains water (10% in kibble/hay & 80% in canned food & fresh forage)
- Metabolic body water (glucose + oxygen -> ATP + CO2 + Water)
How to chose the right diet
- Use the WSAVA nutrition guidelines
- AAFCO statement on the label
- Who formulates the diet (PhD in nutrition+/- DACVN or DECVCN; MS/PhD in food science)
- What is the quality control process
What are parts of the quality control process
- Ingredient acquisition
- Engineers & manufacturing line safety
- Nutrient analysis of the finished product
- Testing food & manufacturing facility for pathogens
What percent of daily energy/calories should come from a complete & balanced diet
90%
What are the AAFCO guidelines for seniors
- Substantiation by AAFCO feeding test
- Substantiated by formulation to meet AAFCO nutrition profiles (growth/repro & adult maintenance)
- No specific guidelines for seniors
What are some nutrition strategies to support joint health
- Maintain a BCS of 4/9 to 5/9
- Reg exercise
- Enhance nutrients that can help support joint health
What can omega 3 FAs help w/
- Increase serum n-3
- Decreased joint inflammation
- Reduced clinical sx of osteoarthritis
- May not help w/ pain reduction
- Dose: 300 mg EPA + DHA/Kg ^ 0.75 BW
- Consider what is already in the diet before supplements
What are some sources for omega 3 FAs
- Fish (lower in fish meal)
- Fish oil & algae oil (look @ EPA+DHA concentration & testing for fat soluble vitamins/heavy metals)
Describe green lipped mussels (perna canaliculus)
- High in omega 3s
- Contain glycosaminoglycans (GAG)
- Reduces lymphocyte TNF alpha production
- Inhibits LOX in vitro
- Reduced lameness scores in dogs
Describe glucosamine &chondroitin sulfate
- Low oral bioava
- Protects against experimentally induced synovitis in dogs
- Stimulates cartilage metabolism & inhibits degradation in dogs
- Reduces sx of OA & improved histologic appearance of articular cartilage in dogs
- Long term admin well tolerated in dogs
What key nutrients/ingredients can be found in a diet for supporting joint health
- EPA +DHA (omega 3)
- Green lipped mussels
- Glucosamine/chondroitin
- Curcumin (from turmeric)
- Antioxidants
What is the goal of a diet support joint health
Absolves/reduces the need for joint supplement
Describe sarcopenia
- Age associated muscle loss
- Look @ protein quantity & quality
- Look for fish oil (omega 3)
What supplements can help aging assoc w/ reduced antioxidant status
Antioxidants & antioxidant precursors
What supplements can be used to improve cognitive fxn
Medium chain triglycerides + omega 3s + B vitamins
+ antioxidants
What shuttle fatty acids across the mitochondrial membrane & plays a role in energy metabolism
L-carnitine
What are some things that can be used to reduce anxiety
- Behavioral modification/training
- L-tryptophan (precursor to melatonin & serotonin)
- Alpha casozepine (Beata)
- CBD
What can help w/ dental dx
- Brushing teeth
- Vet dental diets
- VOHC treats
