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Anatomy > Lecture 21 - Skull and Cranial Nerves I > Flashcards

Lecture 21 - Skull and Cranial Nerves I Flashcards

1
Q

What is the neurocranium?

A

Braincase

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2
Q

What is the function of the neurocranium?

A

Protect the brain

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3
Q

What is the facial skeleton called?

A

Splanchnocranium

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4
Q

What is the function of the splanchnocranium?

A

Face, sensory components, and masticatory apparatus

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5
Q

What are the three dorsal bones of the neurocranium?

A

Frontal, parietal, and the interparietal portion of the occipital

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6
Q

What is different about the frontal and parietal bone?

A

Both are bilaterally symmetrical

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7
Q

What is the function of the temporal fossa/line?

A

Contains the temporal muscle and fascia

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8
Q

What are the four ventral bones of the brain case?

A

Presphenoid, pterygoid, basisphenoid, and occipital

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9
Q

What canal is within the occipital bone?

A

Hypoglossal canal

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10
Q

What canals are within the basisphenoid bone?

A

Optic canal, Foramen rotundu, Foramen ovale, and Hypophyseal fossa

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11
Q

What are pterygoid processes?

A

Ventral projections of basisphenoid

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12
Q

What fossa are located within the temporal bone?

A

Mandibular fossa and stylomastoid foramen

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13
Q

What six bones line the brain cavity?

A

Occipital, parietal, frontal, petrous temporal, basisphenoidm and presphenoid

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14
Q

What does the neurocranium contain?

A

Cranial cavity

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15
Q

What are the two types of bone in the neurocraninal bones?

A

Compact and trabecular

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16
Q

What is compact bone?

A

Inner and outer tables, inner usually thiner

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17
Q

What is trabecular bone?

A

Between inner and outer tables of compact bone, contain red bone marrow

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18
Q

What is diploic bone?

A

Spongy bone between flat cranial bones

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19
Q

What are sutures in the skull made up of?

A

Sharpey’s fibers (type 1 collagen)

20
Q

What do the sharpey’s fibers do?

A

Connect periosteum to the bone, provides strength and absorbs bone strain across suture

21
Q

What happens when equines fall on their poll?

A

Basisphenoid fractures and avulsion of the longus capitus

Possible acute optic nerve damage

22
Q

What are the three types of skull fractures?

A

Depressed - Linear - Comminuted

23
Q

What is a depressed skull fracture?

A

Fragment of bone is depressed inward to compress or injure the brain

24
Q

What is a linear fracture?

A

Usually occur at the point of impact, with fracture lines radiating away in two or more directions

25
Q

What is a comminuted fracture?

A

Bone is broken into several pieces

26
Q

What is the rostrum portion of the skull made up of?

A

Premaxilla, maxilla, palatine, nasal, lacrimal, and portions of the frontals and zygomatics

27
Q

What is the hard palate made up of?

A

Premaxilla, maxilla, palatine, upper portion of “dental battery”

28
Q

What is within the nasal choane?

A

Nasal conchae

29
Q

What are nasal conchae?

A

Thin, scroll-like bones that are covered with repiratory and nasal epithelia

30
Q

What makes up the bony orbit?

A

Zygomatic, lacrimal, frontal, maxilla, and palatine

31
Q

What ligament is with in the orbit of the eye?

A

Postorbital ligament

32
Q

What is the floor of the orbit formed by?

A

Processes of zygomatic, maxilla, and palatine

33
Q

What is the zygomatic arch?

A

Formed via the temporal process of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process of the temporal bone

34
Q

What muscle’s origin is the zygomatic arch?

A

Masseter muscle (ventral edge of the zygomatic arch)

35
Q

What does the mandible articulate with?

A

Temporal, at the temporomandibular joint

36
Q

What is within the mandible?

A

Lower dental battery

37
Q

What foramen are within the mandible?

A

Mental foramina and mandibular foramen

38
Q

What does CN I exit out of?

A

Cribiform plate

39
Q

What does CN V1 exit out of?

A

Maxillary foramen

40
Q

What does CN II exit out of?

A

Optic canal

41
Q

What does CN XII exit out of?

A

Hypoglossal canal

42
Q

What does CN IX, X, and XI exit out of?

A

Jugular foramen

43
Q

What does CN VII and VIII exit out of?

A

Internal acoustic meatus

44
Q

What does CN III, IV, and VI exit out of?

A

Orbital fissure

45
Q

What does CN V2 exit out of?

A

Round foramen

46
Q

What does CN V3 exit out of?

A

Oval foramen

Anatomy (44 decks)

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