Lecture 14 - Leg and tarsus Flashcards
What are the bones of the “leg”?
Tibia and fibula
What are the bones of the hock?
tarsals and metatarsals
What are the muscles of the pes?
Metatarsals and phalanges
What are the joints of the hock?
Talocrural
What are the other joints of the leg/tarsus?
TMT, MTP, and IP
What do the muscles in the leg and tarsus region act on?
moving the tarsus and pes
What are two compartments in the leg?
Caudal and crainolateral
What artery supplies the caudal compartment?
Saphenous a.
What nerve supplies the caudal compartment?
Tibial n.
What are the main actions of the caudal compartment?
Extension of tarsus and flexion of digits
What artery supplies the crainolateral compartment?
Cranial tibial a.
What nerve supplies the crainolateral compartment?
Fibular n.
What are the main actions fo the crainolateral compartment?
Flexion of tarsus and extension of digits
What are the three tiers of the tarsal bones?
Proximal, middle, and distal
What is within the proximal tier of tarsal bones?
Talus/Astragalus (medial)
Calcaneus (lateral)
What is within the middle tier of tarsal bones?
Central tarsal bone
What is within the distal tier of the tarsal bones?
Tarsals 1-4 (mediolateral)
What is different about the fourth tarsal bone?
constantly present, much deeper, and intrudes into the middle tier
What is different about the tarsal bones in equidae?
1+2 fuse
What is different about the tarsal bones in bovidae?
2+3 fuse and central+4 fuse
What part of the talus articulates with the tibia?
Proximal trochlear surface
What does the distal surface of the talus articulate with?
Central bone
What does the distal surface of the talus look like in horses?
Flattened
What does the flattened talar head in horses provide?
Greater stability at the talar/central articulation