Lecture 14 Part 1

Question 1

Kidneys include (3)-

Answer 1

Cortex, Medulla, Calyx/Renal pelvis

Question 2

Cortex-

Answer 2

outer portion of kidney

Question 3

Medulla-

Answer 3

inner portion

Question 4

Calyx/Renal pelvis-lead to

Answer 4

ureter

Question 5

Ureter-tube from kidney to

Answer 5

urinary bladder

Question 6

Urethra-tube from bladder to..

Answer 6

outside the body

Question 7

Uriniferous tubule-

Answer 7

functional unit that forms urine

Question 8

Nephron-

Answer 8

forms urine

Question 9

Collecting tubule-affects..

Answer 9

conc. of urine/sends it to calyx

Question 10

Tetrap. Kidneys.: Loop of Henle aids in

Answer 10

prouc. conc. urine
Found in mam/some birds

Question 11

IF water is avail.-short…

Answer 11

loop, low urine conc.

Question 12

IF water is scarce-long…

Answer 12

loop, high urine conc.

Question 13

Nitrogen Excret. Routes (3)-

Answer 13

Ammonotelism, Uricotelism, Ureotelism

Question 14

Ammonotelism: animals living in…

Answer 14

water

Question 15

Uricotelism animals…

Answer 15

birds/most rept.

Question 16

Ureotelism animals…

Answer 16

mammals

Question 17

Ammonotelism- direct excrt. of

Answer 17

ammonia; Requires lots of H2O for excrt

Question 18

Uricotelism- nitrogen convert. to

Answer 18

uric acid before excrt.; does not require much H2O for excrt.

Question 19

Ureotelism- nitrogen convert. to

Answer 19

urea before excrt.; not require much H2O for excrt.

Question 20

Saltwater fishes-outward flux of water, body is

Answer 20

hyposmotic to envrm.

Question 21

Freshwater fishes-inward flux of water, body is

Answer 21

hyperosmotic to envrm.

Question 22

Chondrichthyans-tend to be

Answer 22

isosmotic-excess salts excret. by rectal gland or gills

Question 23

Terr. Verts-risk of dehyd. Counterm=

Answer 23

drinking fluids, thick skin, water-conrsv. kidneys, Cloaca (can reabsorb fluid)