Chapter 17 Part 1

Question 1

Why do verts. need senses?

Answer 1

survival/interpret there environment

Question 2

Special sensory organs are

Answer 2

localized/usually specialized

Question 3

General sensory organs-widely distr. throughout body; related to..

Answer 3

touch, temp, proprioception

Question 4

Spec. Sens. Organs: Chemoreceptors-

Answer 4

sense chemicals (taste, smell, pheromones)

Question 5

Spec. Sens. Organs: Radiation receptors-

Answer 5

electromagnetic stimuli (UV light, infrared)

Question 6

Spec. Sens. Organs: Mechanoreceptors-

Answer 6

movm. or force (water current, balance, hearing)

Question 7

Free recept.- Terminus lacks any spec. assoc.-

Answer 7

free nerve ending; may be branched

Question 8

Encapsulated recept.- Terminus enclosed in spec. strct.- helps enhance..

Answer 8

stimulation of nerve endings

Question 9

Associated recept.- Terminus is..

Answer 9

wrapped around another organ; Ex: base of hair follicle

Question 10

(3)Chemoreceptors are:

Answer 10

Oral cavity (taste buds), Nasal passage(olfaction-smell), Vomeronasal (Jacobson’s organ)

Question 11

(5) qualities of taste buds:

Answer 11

salty, sweet, sour, bitter, umami

Question 12

(3) components of nasal passage:

Answer 12

olfactory epithelium, bulb, tract; well developed among fishes

Question 13

Vomeronasal area: sens. to pherom. important in social and..

Answer 13

reprod. behaviors; comm. betw. organisms (Flehman response)

Question 14

Vomeronasal area: Some mamm. have isolated area of olfactory memb. within..

Answer 14

nasal cavity; conn. via nasopalatine duct

Question 15

Radiation recpt: many fishes/birds/reptiles can see

Answer 15

UV radiation

Question 16

Radiation recept: Some verts (vamp. bats, pythons, pit vipers) can detect..

Answer 16

infrared radiation

Question 17

Infrared recpt: emanates from surface of any object w/temp..

Answer 17

above absolute zero

Question 18

(IR)-Thermoreceptors: On faces of vamp. bats to detect

Answer 18

warm blood vessels under thick skin of prey

Question 19

Thermoreceptors: Used by some species of snakes to guide their search for

Answer 19

prey in the dark

Question 20

Photoreception(eye structure)-

Answer 20

Ocular musc. attach to sclera (posterior)

Question 21

On anterior side, sclera clears to become

Answer 21

cornea

Question 22

Choroid is vascularized; may include

Answer 22

tapetum lucidum-important for night vision

Question 23

Ciliary musc. attached to

Answer 23

lens; controls visual accommodation

Question 24

Musc. in iris change size of pupil to regulate amount of

Answer 24

light that enters eye