Chapter 3 Part 2

Question 1

friction drag and pressure drag contribute to profile drag-

Answer 1

profile/shape an object presents to moving fluid

Question 2

4 physical characteristics affect how the fluid and body interact:

Answer 2

Density, Size and shape, Velocity, Viscosity

Question 3

These characteristics are brought together in a ratio called

Answer 3

Reynold’s number

Question 4

Pressure changes occur in the…

Answer 4

air and water

Question 5

High altitude-

Answer 5

lower air pressure and labored breathing

Question 6

Descending in water-

Answer 6

compressed lungs/gas bladder-reduced buoyancy

Question 7

Efficiency of exchange depends on whether…

Answer 7

currents pass in opposite/equivalent directions

Question 8

Concurrent flow-

Answer 8

same direction

Question 9

Countercurrent flow-

Answer 9

opposite directions

Question 10

Exchange is much more efficient with…

Answer 10

countercurrent flows

Question 11

What keeps a differential between 2 passing streams throughout entire course?

Answer 11

Countercurrent flow

Question 12

Definition of Crosscurrent Exchange-

Answer 12

stepwise exchange between blood/air capillaries in bird lungs

Question 13

Position of the eyes on the head represents a trade off between…

Answer 13

wide-field of view and depth perception

Question 14

Laterally positioned-

Answer 14

larger field of view, fields do not overlap=monocular vision, common in prey animals

Question 15

Which field of vision is rare?

Answer 15

Strict monocular vision

Question 16

Forwardly positioned-

Answer 16

visual fields overlap more=binocular vision; better depth perception; important to predators

Question 17

Accommodations can be accomplished by…

Answer 17

mechanisms that change lens or cornea

Question 18

What muscles change the curvature of the lens-most amniotes?

Answer 18

Ciliary muscles

Question 19

What may change the position of the lens within the eye-most cartilaginous fish?

Answer 19

Muscles