Chapter 4 Part 1

Question 1

Oviparous-

Answer 1

egg laying

Question 2

Viviparous-

Answer 2

live birth

Question 3

Ovoviviparous-

Answer 3

retaining eggs in oviducts until hatched, young emerge from female

Question 4

Parturition-

Answer 4

act of giving live birth

Question 5

Oviposition-

Answer 5

act of laying eggs

Question 6

Lecithotrophic-

Answer 6

embryo draws nutrients from yolk

Question 7

Matrotrophic-

Answer 7

embryo draws nutrients from alternative sources

Question 8

Cleavage-

Answer 8

multiple rounds of cell division

Question 9

Totipotent-

Answer 9

cell has potential to differentiate into any cell type

Question 10

Blastomere-

Answer 10

any cell that results from division

Question 11

Holoblastic cleavage-

Answer 11

eggs with little or no yolk

Question 12

What species are thought to have developed Extraembryonic membranes?

Answer 12

Amniotic species

Question 13

Extraembryonic membranes (4 things)-

Answer 13

Amnion, Chorion, Yolk sac, Allantois

Question 14

Amnion-

Answer 14

encloses amniotic fluid; protection from trauma/rapid temp changes

Question 15

Chorion-

Answer 15

located near eggshell in birds; gas exchange, contributes to placenta in mammals,

Question 16

Yolk sac-

Answer 16

food source in bird embryos; found in mammals, not nutritive Allantois

Question 17

Gastrulation-

Answer 17

process involving cell shape changes and cell movements that occur in blastula

Question 18

Gastrulation has body plan and creates what germ layers?

Answer 18

Ectoderm (skin), Mesoderm (skeleton), Endoderm (organs)

Question 19

Gastrulation patterns vary-

Answer 19

to amount of yolk

Question 20

Blastoderm-

Answer 20

single layer of cells enclose blastocoel