Lecture 13: Biofilms Flashcards
True or False: Bacterial growth in the real world remain in log phase for a longer time, but remain slower
True
____: collection/mixture of microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, etc) living in a polysaccharide matrix, which is secreted by one or more membrane, attached to either a solid biologic or non-biologic surface
Biofilms
True or False: The biofilms can live on surface of anything, but prefer moist environment (e.g polysaccharides, glycoproteins on surface)
True
Biofilms typically live in communities, which is a way to create a stable ___ with adequate access to food, water, atmosphere, etc.
habitat
Biofilms produce _____ (EPS), which facilitate attachment and matrix formation and become IRREVERSIBLY attached
extracellular polymeric substances (EPS)
Why are biofilms so highly hydrated?
Open channel structures
True or False: Biofilms are complex 3D structures that vary in thickness and grow faster than planktonic organisms
False - while biofilms are complex 3D structures that vary in thickness, they grow SLOWER than planktonic organisms (they have a longer generation time)
What is the function of the EPS in biofilms?
A. Adhesion
B. Attachment
C. Reproduction
B. Attachment
What type of associations among several microbial groups (fungi, bacteria, algae, protozoa) as well as plants and animals create mutually favorable environments?
Cooperative Associations
How do biofilm cells coordinate their behavior?
A. Intracellular, cell:cell communication
B. Extracellular, cell:cell communication
C. Extracellular, receptor tyrosine kinase
A. Intracellular, cell:cell communication
True or False: Quorum sensing requires biochemical signaling molecules and is utilized by biofilms to coordinate behavior
True
What are the three benefits to biofilm of living in complex, organized communities?
- Able to break down complex nutrients
- Can alter phenotype
- Enhanced survival
What is the first stage of the biofilm lifecycle?
A. Attachment stage
(surface conditioning and attachment)
B. Growth Stage
B.
C.
During the attachment stage of the biofilm life cycle, which materials will develop biofilms more rapidly?
A. Rougher and more hydrophilic
B. Rough and more hydrophobic
C. Smoother and more hydrophilic
D. Smoother and more hydrophobic
B. Rough and more hydrophobic
A sediment of ___ molecules helps form a conditioning layer for biofilm during the Attachment Stage
A. organic molecules
B. inorganic molecules
A. organic molecules
Who are the first colonists in the attachment stage of the biofilm life cycle?
A. Fungi
B. Protists
C. Bacteria
D. Me
C. Bacteria
Initial attachment of biofilms is based on….
A. Electrostatic attraction only
B. Physical forces only
C. Both physical forces and electrostatic attraction
C. Neither physical forces nor electrostatic attraction
C. Both physical forces and electrostatic attraction
True or False: Growth media, substratum, and cell surfaces regulates the attachment stage of the biofilm life cycle
True
During the attachment stage of the biofilm life cycle, which structure enables the cell to remain attached until more permanent attachment mechanisms are in place?
A. Appendages
B. Flagella
C. Plasmid
A. Appendages
Why do early cells in the attachment stage multiply then become permanently adhered (irreversible adsorbed)?
A. Production of gap junction
B. Production of organic molecules
C. Production of LPS
D. Production of EPS
D. Production of EPS
- Increase the binding of cells to surface, thickens biofilm
Which stage of the biofilm life cycle is associated with the development of a complex, 3D structure?
Growth Stage
True or False: Biofilms evolve during the Growth Stage
True
The earliest colonist contribute ____ and create microhabitats that serve as a matrix for other microbes to attach
nutrients
At what stage of the biofilm life cycle do complete communities form?
A. Stage 1 (Attachment Stage)
B. Stage 2 (Growth Stage)
C. Stage 3 (Maturation and Dispersal)
B. Stage 2 (Growth Stage)
At what stage in the biofilm life cycle does the biofilm begin releasing cells and other debris into its environment, which then attaches to a new surfaces and starts a new cycle?
A. Stage 1 (Attachment Stage)
B. Stage 2 (Growth Stage)
C. Stage 3 (Maturation and Dispersal)
C. Stage 3 (Maturation and Dispersal)
True or False: The Growth Stage is associated with causing chronic and persistent infection
False - Dispersal Stage (3rd stage)