L21: Intro to Medical Mycology Flashcards
True or False: Fungi are prokaryotic and autotrophic
False - eukaryotic and heterotrophic (lack chlorophyll)
Fungi can either be parasites or saprophytes. What is the difference between the two?
Parasites: use living tissue
Saprophytes: live on dead organic matter
The fungal cell wall is rigid and non-motile. They also contain polysaccharides, such as ___ and ___, glycoproteins, and lipids
chitin and glucans
____ is found in the lipid bilayer of the fungi cell membrane
A. Chitin
B. Ergosterol
C. Cholesterol
B. Ergosterol
Which of the following are molds?
A. Cryptococcus
B. C. albicans
C. Aspergillus
C. Aspergillus
Which of the following is NOT a yeast?
A. C. albicans
B. Cryptococcus
C. M. furfur
D. Microsporum
D. Microsporum
True or False: Microsporum, Epidermophyton, and Trichophyton are all Dermatophytes
True
Histoplasma
Blastomyces
Coccidiodes
Sporothrix
belong to which two groups?
A. Yeast / superficial
B. Mold
C. Dimorphic Fungi / systemic
D. Dermatophytes
C. Dimorphic Fungi / systemic
True or False: Sporothrix is a subcutaneous mycoses, as well as a Dimorphic Fungi
True
True or False: Microsporum, Epidermophyton, and Trichophyton are both dematophytes / cutaneous mycoses
True
Name four opportunistic mycoses:
- C. albicans
- P. jirovecii
- Cryptococcus
- Aspergillus
You are looking at growth on an agar plate, which has colonies that appear smooth, round, and white.
What is it?
A. Mold
B. Yeast - unicellular
C. Filamentous Fungi
B. Yeast
- unicellular fungi
How to yeast reproduce? Form?
A. Sexually
B. Asexually
B. Asexually
- budding
- form blastoconidia (blastophores)
Note: some yeast do reproduc sexually, forming ascospores or basidiospores
Yeast can form blastoconidia, which may elongate and form ___ or ___
hyphae or pseudohyphae
____: Elongated buds that have failed to separate, connected to one another to create a “link’s of
sausage” appearance (number of blastoconidia that remain
attached). Have cell wall constrictions, rather
than true intracellular septations
A. Hyphae
B. Pseudohyphae
C. Germ Tube
B. Pseudohyphae
___: Tubular outpouching without constriction at its
base; this is the initial stage of true hyphae formation
A. Hyphae
B. Pseudohyphae
C. Germ Tube
C. Germ Tube
____: A screening test used to differentiate C. albicans from other yeast. It is (+) for C. albicans and C. dubliniensis
Germ Tube Test
____ is an example of an encapsulated, budding yeast
Cryptococcus
True or False: When grown on an agar plate, molds (multi-cellular fungi) appear fuzzy, fluffy, and powdery
True
___: Tubular structures formed by fungi
_____: A mass of hyphae
hyphae; mycelium
True or False: Molds reproduce via spore formation (either sexually or asexually)
True
Which of the following is a yeast at body temperature (parasitic phase) and a mold at room temperature (saprobic phase)?
A. C. Albicans/Cryptococcus
B.Histoplasma/Blastomyces
C.Microsporum/ Trichophyton
D. Sporothrix
D. Sporothrix
B.Histoplasma/Blastomyces
- All of which are dimorphic fungi
Which of the is the selective media for fungi?
A. Chocolate Agar
B. Sabouraud Dextrose Agar
C. Wood’s Lamp UV
D. Dermatophyte Test Media
B. Sabouraud Dextrose Agar
True or False: Wood’s Lamp UV Light is used to examine fungi of the underside pigment–specifically the skin and the hair–and is used to determine prognosis of diseases
True
True or False: Both the Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) stain and the Grocott’s Methnamine Silver (GMS) stain carbohydrates found in yeast
False - carbohydrates found in fungi
Which stain is most apt for rapid diagnosis of fungal cell wall?
A. Gram Stain
B. Fluorescent Ab Stain
C. GAS Stain
D. PAS Stain
B. Fluorescent Ab Stain
10% KOH dissolves keratin and cellular debris and, therefore, is used to…
A. Visualize fungal hyphae
B. Visualize fungi from hair/nail specimens
C. Used to look at dermatophytes
B. Visualize fungi from hair/nail specimens
True or False: Lactophenol cotton blue is used to visualize hyphae
True
Which of the following is used to detect capsule of Cryptococcus?
A. India Ink
B. Calcofluor White stain
C. Gram strain
D. Lactophenol Cotton Blue
A. India Ink
Which of the following binds to the chitin in the cell walls of the fungi, allowing for the visualization of fungi?
A. India Ink
B. Calcofluor White stain
C. Gram strain
D. Lactophenol Cotton Blue
B. Calcofluor White stain
Histoplasma, Blastomyces, and Coccidiodes are examples of…
A. True Fungi
B. Opportunistic Fungi
A. True Fungi
Candida, Aspergillus, Cryptococcus are examples of…
A. True Fungi
B. Opportunistic Fungi
B. Opportunistic Fungi
