L25 (Blood and Tissue Protozoans) - B Flashcards
_____: An acute infectious disease of the blood caused by 1 of 4 species of the protozoal genus, Plasmodium
Malaria
Which two ways can plasmodial parasite be transmitted?
- Bite of female Anopheles mosquito
- Use of blood-contaminated needle
Plasmodium vivax only infects ___ cells while Plasmodium malariae infects only ____ cells
A. Leukocytes; Granulocytes
B. Granulocytes; Reticulocytes
C. Reticulocytes; RBC
C. Reticulocytes; RBC
Benign Tertian Malaria causes a fever every third day due to highly synchronous 48 hr life cycle?
Which microbe is this disease associated with?
A. Plasmodium vivax
B. Plasmodium malariae
C. Plasmodium falciparum
A. Plasmodium vivax
Malignant tertian malaria is associated with fever cycle every 3rd day (similar to: Benign Tertian Malaria) – however, it tends to be less synchronous than other species.
Which microbe is most closely associated with this condition?
A. Plasmodium vivax
B. Plasmodium malariae
C. Plasmodium falciparum
C. Plasmodium falciparum
_____ is the most severe form of malaria and can cause high level of parasitemia because it is able to infect RBC’s of all ages!!!
A. Plasmodium vivax
B. Plasmodium malariae
C. Plasmodium falciparum
C. Plasmodium falciparum
Which of the following causes Quartian malaria (characterized by fever spikes every 4th day due to synchronous life cycle of 72 hrs)?
A. Plasmodium vivax
B. Plasmodium malariae
C. Plasmodium falciparum
B. Plasmodium malariae
The trophozoites of ___ ___are often band-shaped. However, RBC’s are not enlarged and there is no Schuffner dots.
A. Plasmodium vivax
B. Plasmodium malariae
C. Plasmodium falciparum
B. Plasmodium malariae
True or False: Plasmodium falciparum is associated with RBC’s that contain Schuffner dots
False - this is seen in Plasmodium vivax
_____: “Ovale” malaria (characterized by 3rd day cycle – similar to P. vivax, but milder). It is the least common of all species.
Plasmodium Ovale
Schuffner cells are associated with ____ and ____
P. ovale and P. vivax
______: Originally known to infect macaque monkeys of South Pacific – unclear if mosquitos are needed for transmission. Therefore: it is still considered to be a zoonotic malaria.
Only able to identify via: genotyping!!!!!!
A. Plasmodium vivax
B. Plasmodium malariae
C. Plasmodium falciparum
D. P. knowlesi
D. P. knowlesi
True or False: Obligate intracellular protozoan parasites cause malaria
True
Memorize this, ok???
True or False: The male Anopheles mosquito is the vector of malaria
False - the female Anopheles mosquito is the vector of malaria
What is the name to describe the sexual phase of the malaria life cycle? the asexual phase?
sexual = sporogony
asexual = schizogony
Compare and contrast schizogony and sporogony:
Sporogony (sexual phase) occurs in the ___ (definitive host) while
Schizogony occurs in the ____ (intermediate host)
mosquito
human
How do sporozoites form in sporogony?
Union of female and male gametes (infective in humans)
True or False: The sporozoite corresponds to infective stage in malaria
True
What can cause malaria relapse?
Hypnozoite
What does the exo-erythrocytic cycle ( 1 round only! ) of P. Vivax produce?
Schizont
Hypnozoite
Merozoite
Which molecule of P.vivax lifecycle infects RBC?
A. Schizont
B. Hypnozoite
C. Merozoite
C. Merozoite
True or False: Ring stage is the diagnostic stage of malaria
True
Compare the erythrocytic cycle of P. vivax to that of the Erythrocytic cycle:
When a mosquito takes a blood meal it injects _____ and ingests ____
injects = sporozoites
ingests = gameteocytes
True or False: The gametocyte allows for sporogony / sexual stage to begin
True
In the malaria life-cycle, ___ are ingested when mosquito first takes blood meal.
____ are formed within mosquito (sexual stage)
Gametocytes; sporozoites
In the malaria life cycle, sporozoites migrate through blood stream to liver, where they form ____ (differentiates into hepatic ____ with merozoites)
merozoites; schizonts
In the malaria life cycle, infected hepatocytes rupture and release merozoites, which invade RBC. However, ____ remains in the liver.
Hypnozoites
In the malaria lifecycle, the merozoite becomes the ____ (ring form) in RBC
trophozoite