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PSYC 471 > Lecture 12: Developing Talent > Flashcards

Lecture 12: Developing Talent Flashcards

1
Q

steps to engaging in deliberate practice

A
  1. Figure out what deliberate practice is (in the specific domain)
  2. Figure out how you can get yourself to do it a lot
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2
Q

deliberate practice in psychotherapy

A

recording your sessions and reviewing them with a master clinician

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3
Q

deliberate practice in chess

A

watch Grand Master matches and study what the best next move is

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4
Q

deliberate practice in scrabble

A

memorize all of the 2- and 3-letter words and make index cards with anagrams

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5
Q

deliberate practice in taking notes

A
  • Try to take notes so well that you can teach it as a lecture
  • Helps improve focus
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6
Q

deliberate practicing in teaching

A

recording your lectures and reviewing them with a master lecturer

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7
Q

ego involvement

A

a task that one’s self-esteem rides on

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8
Q

task involvement

A

a task that is mastery-oriented

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9
Q

Mike and Ryan Sullivan, 1996

A
  • Not the worst relationship
  • Both are under the impression that the goal is (mostly) autonomously coming from the son
  • The son is repeating the father’s goals/ plans for himself
  • He seems to have internalized the father’s wishes
  • The dad is showing some awareness that the goals are coming from him
  • Ryan seems to genuinely enjoy hockey
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10
Q

individual skills ->

A

compound skills

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11
Q

Athletic family system

A

if someone from another planet spent a week with this family, they would say that they are about sport

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12
Q

Benjamin Bloom’s development of expertise study method

A
  • Retrospective study about the development of expertise
  • Involved extensive interviews of 120 young people and their parents and coaches
  • All were identified as talented (top 25 in the U.S.) in arts, athletics, or academics
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13
Q

Benjamin Bloom’s development of expertise study findings

A

Found that there were similar types of parenting that resulted in high-level achievement

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14
Q

what types of parenting resulted in high-level achivement?

A

Child-oriented
Achievement-oriented
Responsibility-oriented

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15
Q

typical stages of involvement

A
  1. Exposure and playful interaction
  2. Moderate skill building
  3. Intensive preparation toward expertise
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16
Q

Tiger Wood’s dad and responsibility orientation

A

Tiger Wood’s dad made him pack his own clubs since he was 2.5 years old

17
Q

exposure and playful interaction

A
  • Ages 2-5
  • The kid is generally interested in the activity
  • The parents decide what to expose the kid to
  • The parents will sometimes hire a coach or an instructor, but it should be someone who the kid likes interacting with, not necessarily the best teacher
18
Q

moderate skill building

A
  • Involves building the foundations of practicing
  • Parents have an important role in this
  • Parents help you see the value in practicing and the best way and time to do this
  • This results in internalization
19
Q

intensive preparation toward expertise

A
  • Involves finding the best team and coach
  • The child has to begin to specialize
  • Disengagement from other activities
  • The parent has to step back and allow an expert in the field to guide them (ex. A coach)
20
Q

Michelle Wie West

A

her career flamed out because her dad would not give up control

21
Q

Adrien De Mello

A
  • Graduated from university in computational mathematics at 11 years old
  • He went back to high school at age 16 because he wanted to get as far away from his father as possible
  • His child bordered on abuse
  • His father pushed him very hard academically
  • His mother divorced his father, largely because they disagreed over how to raise Adrien
  • He often felt lonely and didn’t have friends his own age
22
Q

Brooke Raboutou

A
  • Was coached by her mother
  • There was no separation between “mom” and “coach”
  • Both her parents were rock climbers and pushed her into it at a young age
  • Both Brooke and her mother believe her goals were autonomous, but it seems that they were her mother’s internalized goals
23
Q

Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi talent study methods

A
  • Prospective longitudinal study of 9th graders identified as talented in 2 areas
  • Used an experience sampling method for 1 week
  • Followed up in grade 12 to see if teens developed their talent areas
24
Q

Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi talent study findings

A
  • Only 25% of students were still doing the activity and planning to continue to do it in university
  • 9th graders who experienced more flow in a week were more likely to continue in their talent area
  • Specifically, those who experienced flow during their activity were more likely to continue in their talent area
25
Q

Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi talent study conclusion

A

a talent will be developed if it produces optimal experiences

26
Q

Ryan Sullivan’s Hockey Career

A
  • He is 35 years old now
  • He didn’t make it to the NHL or to the high school his dad wanted him to
  • But, he went to university, had a 4.0 GPA, and was the best student-athlete
27
Q

how can you help children sustain deliberate practice?

A

through flow

28
Q

the flow method

A
  • Overall goal + as many subgoals as possible
  • Find ways to measure progress
  • Concentrate & make finer distinctions regarding challenges
  • Develop new skills
  • Keep raising the stakes when it becomes boring
29
Q

example of the flow method

A

Koestner’s masters swim class

30
Q

Ericsson’s misunderstanding of flow

A
  • Ericsson thinks that flow is incompatible with deliberate practice
  • He argues that training activities aren’t fun and require feedback and repetition
31
Q

Ericsson vs. Csikszentmihalyi similarities

A
  • Goal-oriented
  • Requires complete attention
  • Find ways to measure progress
  • Beyond the comfort zone
32
Q

Ericsson vs. Csikszentmihalyi differences

A
  • Csikszentmihalyi: Play at the edge of our capabilities;
  • Ericsson: Suffer at the edge of our capabilities;
  • Csikszentmihalyi: Carried by a current?
  • Ericsson: Slip-sliding in rapids?
  • Csikszentmihalyi: Mastery focus?
  • Ericsson: Performance focus?

PSYC 471 (61 decks)

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