Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

COB Molecular > Lec 2.5 Cytoskeleton structure I > Flashcards

Lec 2.5 Cytoskeleton structure I Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 families of proteins that deal with the cytoskeleton?

A

Actin filaments, Microtubules, Intermediate filaments.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 8 functions of the cytoskeleton?

A
  1. Orginization of the cell. 2. Moves the cell. 3. Re-arranges the cellular compartment. 4.Supports the plasma membrane. 5. Provides mechanical strength 6. Pulls chromosomes apart. 7. splits dividing cells. 8. Guides intracellular traffic of organelles.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What helps RBC be that biconcave shape?

A

Cytoskeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What if the RBC cytoskeleton is defective?

A

Anemia. HS.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is HS (hereditary spherocytosis)?

A

Fragile RBCs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The cytoskeletal filaments consist of what?

A

Protofilaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are protofilaments?

A

Long linear strings of protein subunits joined end to end

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What do Actin filaments determine?

A

the shape of cells surface.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are Actin filaments necessary for?

A

Cell locomation, secretion and endocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What do Microtubules determine?

A

Positions of membrane enclosed organelles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What do Microtubules do?

A

Direct intracellular transport. Separate chromosomes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What do microtubules make up?

A

Cilia, flagella and centrioles and mitotic spindle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are microtubules made up of?

A

Tubulin subunits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What do intermediate filaments do?

A

Provide mechanical strength, resist mechanical strength. Formation of hair and fingernails

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Intermediate filaments are like what?

A

Rope-like

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How do intestinal cells get more nutrients?

A

With microvilli(actin). More surface area.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What side of the cell absorbs nutrients?

A

Apical surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What side of the cell transfers nutrient to blood stream?

A

Basolateral surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Actin monomer contains a binding site for what?

A

ATP or ADP

20
Q

Actin filaments consist of what?

A

two protfilaments that twist around each other.

21
Q

With actin filaments, what are the 2 distinct ends?

A

Plus and minus end

22
Q

What is the plus end?

A

Fast growing or fast shrinking end

23
Q

What is the minus end?

A

Slow growing or slow shrinking end

24
Q

With ATP-actin subunits do what?

A

Grow

25
Q

With ADP-Actin subunits do what?

A

shrink

26
Q

How do tubulin subunits associate?

A

Self associate, end to end and side to side protein interactions

27
Q

What does it mean that tubulin is a hetero dimer?

A

Means tubulin is made up of alpha tubulin and beta tubulin.

28
Q

What is the binding site for both alpha and beta tubulin?

A

One GTP

29
Q

How do beta and alpha tubulin bind?

A

Beta tubulin binds to bottom of alpha.

30
Q

Do microtubules also have a plus and minus end?

A

Yes

31
Q

What is nucleation?

A

initial aggregate of subunits first assembling.

32
Q

What is nucleoside hydrolysis?

A

Pertaining to actin and tubulin. Each monomer carries a tight bound ATP or GTP, and that is hydrolyzed to ADP or GDP soon after the monomer assembles into the polymer.

33
Q

What does the T form mean pertaining to nucleoside hydrolase?

A

ATP or GTP bound

34
Q

What does the D form mean pertaining to nucleoside hydrolase?

A

ADP or GDP bound

35
Q

Plus end remains in what formation?

A

T form

36
Q

Minus end remains in what formation?

A

D form

37
Q

What does nucleoside hydrolase leads to ?

A

treadmilling

38
Q

What is treadmilling?

A

Plus end grows while the minus end shrinks

39
Q

Addition of GTP to tubulin results to what?

A

Straight protfilaments

40
Q

Addition of GDP to tubulin results to what?

A

Loose protofilaments

41
Q

What type of stability usually predominated in microtubules?

A

Dynamic Instability

42
Q

Unlike actin or microtubules, intermediate filaments dont have what?

A

No nucleotide binding site

43
Q

What is an example of intermediate filaments?

A

Keratins (make up hair and nails).

44
Q

Define and differentiate nucleation, catastrophe and rescue.

A

initial aggregate of subunits first assembling. Catastrophe is change from growth to rapid shrinkage. Rescue is change from rapid shrinkage to growth.

45
Q

Describe treadmilling in actin filaments

A

Plus end grows while the minus end shrinks

COB Molecular (36 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions