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COB Molecular > 2.8 Intracellular Vesicular Trafficking 1 > Flashcards

2.8 Intracellular Vesicular Trafficking 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 pathways for vasicular transport?

A

Secretion (from ER to cell membrane). Endocytosis. Retrieval/Recycling (cell membrane to ER).

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2
Q

What is the lipid anatomy?

A

Sugars,Phosphate, glycerol, and fatty acid tails.

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3
Q

What does the lipid composition of membranes help to do?

A

Determine organelle identity, define membrane curvature, selectively recruit trafficking-related proteins.

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4
Q

What are Rab proteins.

A

Monomeric GTPases

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5
Q

What do Rab proteins do?

A

Their regulation controls the progression of vesicular transport

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6
Q

What are the two forms of Rab?

A

Rab-GTP active and membrane bound. Rab-GDP inactive in cytosol.

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7
Q

What does Rab-GTP do?

A

Serve as scaffolds as connectors to catch and release other proteins (effector proteins) that catalyze or stimulate the processes as we move along

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8
Q

Why does Rab-GTP turn to Rab-GDP?

A

In order to be recycled.

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9
Q

What does GDI do?

A

Keeps Rab-GDP from interacting with membrane and keep it in the GDP formation until its back home.

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10
Q

Assembly of a protein coat on the cytosolic side of teh donor compartment membrane does what?

A

Shapes the budding vesicle and concentrates the cargo.

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11
Q

What are the 3 coats?

A

COPII, COPI, and Clathrin

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12
Q

COPII coats vesicles that move cargo from

A

ER to Golgi (anterograde)

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13
Q

COPI coats vesicles that move cargo from

A

Golgi to ER (retrograde)

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14
Q

Clathrin coats vesicles that move cargo from

A

golgi to endosomes or inward from cell membrane

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15
Q

Cant the NPC squeeze in a vesicle?

A

No

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16
Q

What is a good example of gene duplication?

A

Coat proteins similar features that have diversified.

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17
Q

How does the coat form?

A

Outer layer forms a cage, inner layer proteins interact with the donor plasma membrane. Inner and outer layers form sequentially.

18
Q

How many layers do the coat proteins each have?

A

COPII has 2. COPI has 1. Clathrin has 2.

19
Q

what stimulates uncoating?

A

GAP

20
Q

For the coat proteins, what proteins initiate coating?

A

COPII: Sar1. COPI: Arf1. Clarithin: AP1/Arf1.

21
Q

For the coat proteins, what initiates uncoating?

A

COPII: Sec23. COPI: ArfGAPs. Clathrin: AP2

22
Q

What 3 things can cargo be?

A

Soluble, membrane associated, and tethering/fusion machinery

23
Q

Where is the sorting sequences on the coating proteins?

A

COPII: cytoslic face. COPI: C term. Clathrin: Linear motifs

24
Q

What is the cargo receptor for the coat proteins?

A

COPII: Sec 24. COPI: Arf 1: Clathrin: various adapter proteins.

25
Q

What can start the budding process?

A

Gently bending, and actin.

26
Q

What helps the budding process in the coat proteins?

A

COPII and COPI: coat polymerization. Clathrin: Actin.

27
Q

What does pinching off require?

A

Protein factors that distort membrane curvature.

28
Q

What proteins are needed for pinching off via the coat proteins?

A

COPII: Sar 1. COPI: Arf1. Clathrin: Dynamin +Epsin

29
Q

what must vesicles be before they can ride the cytoskeleton to their destinations?

A

Must be uncoated

30
Q

What energy is required to uncoat the coat proteins?

A

COPII and COPI: GTP hydrolysis. Clathrin: ATP hydrolysis.

31
Q

What does Dynein and Kinesin do?

A

Dynein moves vesicles towards the cell membrane. Kinesin moves vesicles toward the nucleus.

32
Q

What proteins do the coat proteins use to move?

A

COPII: Dynein. COPI: Kinesin and dynein. Clathrin: Kinesin

33
Q

Once vesicles are at their destination, what happens?

A

We need to capture and fuse.

34
Q

What do the tethering proteins and SNARE proteins do?

A

Bring vesicles close enough to target membrane for SNARE proteins to interact and initiate fusion.

35
Q

how many SNAREs are there?

A

2

36
Q

What is another good example of gene duplication?

A

SNAREs. One SNARE has 2 dif helices and divided into 2 seperate proteins.

37
Q

What is the common structure for SNAREs?

A

They this 4 helices bundle that is primarily hydrophobic except in the middle.

38
Q

True or False. T snares will usually be Q, V snares will usually be R.

A

true

39
Q

True or False? Different compartments have different SNARE profiles.

A

True

40
Q

Once fusion happens via the SNAREs what must happen in order to untagle the SNAREs?

A

Energy consumption.

COB Molecular (36 decks)

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