leading information Flashcards
what is a misleading information.
its incorrect information given to the eyewitness after the event hence called post-event. it can be affected by many other forms such as post -event discussion and leading questions.
what is a leading question
its a type of question, based on how its phrased it suggest a specific answer.
who did an invention for misleading information particularly ( leading questions )
Loftus and palmer
what was Loftus and palmer aim
their aim was to see if leading questions distorts the accuracy of EWT.
what’s was Loftus and palmer method
they used 45 American undergraduates who watched 7 film showing traffic accidents in a laboratory situation. they were all shown the same film an after each film they were given a questionnaire to answer which included question to describe the accident and there was a critical question as well which was how fast was the car moving when they _ each other. all participants were putted into 5 groups each taking part in one and there were 5 verbs which were smash, collided, bumped, hit, contacted.
what were the finding of Loftus and palmer research.
the mean was estimated for each verb :
smash - 40.8
collided - 39.9
bumped - 38.21
hit - 34.0
contacted - 31.8
how is a strength of Loftus and palmer is that its a lab experiment.
because there was high control over extraneous variables so this mean that all participants are given same standardised instruction, they all were given the small same experience and were shown the same film which man lofted and palmer can be confident tats IV (the 5 verbs ) had affected the DV ( participant estimated speed) so therefore it can establish cause and effect. this is a strength because it inverse the internal validity of the study.
how is the strength of Loftus and palmer is that it has practical applications.
because we know that EWT is not accurate and misleading information can distort EWT therefore when witnesses are interview the leading questions are avoided. In addition the research of Loftus et el had developed the technique of cognitive interview which increase the accuracy of EWT. this is a strength because it had made a contribution to the legal system. therefore the finding of misleading information are valuable has they have a made a valuable contribution.
how is the limitation of misleading information is that it has low population validity.
because in the research it has used American undergraduates so therefore it could be criticise for being cultural bias as it can only be representative to American or even students. this is a limitation because the findings won’t generalise to everyone in the world so therefore lack validity.
how is a limitation of Loftus and palmer is that it has low ecological validity.
because the research had took place in very unfamiliar and artificial environment as participants had to use one word to describe the sped of the cars and also because it’s not really realistic. this is limitation because the finding are a weak evidence for misleading information so therefore lack external validity.
