Lab Eye (exam 4) Flashcards
Where is the superior rectus muscle?
On top of eye
Where is the inferior rectus muscle?
Bottom of eye
Where is the medial rectus muscle?
Muscle on the nose side
Where is the lateral rectus muscle?
Other side of eyeball
Where is the superior oblique muscles?
Attaches to superior rectus muscle that goes around next to nose
Where is the inferior oblique muscles?
Wraps eye on the bottom
What is the top eyelid called?
Superior palpebra
What is the bottom eyelid called?
Inferior palpebra
What is the muscle that pulls the top eyelid back?
Levator palpebrae superioris muscle
What is the gland that gives tears that’s on the opposite side of what eye it is?
Lacrimal gland
What empties in the lacrimal canal (where tears drain) and what side is it on?
Nasolacrimal duct
Medial side of nose
What is the clear membrane covering the white part of the eye called?
Conjunctiva
What is the white portion of the eye called and what else does it do?
Sclera
Holds eye in rigid place
What is the cornea?
Transparent curved surface
Clear membrane on top of iris
Focuses Light
First place light bends
What is the black layer under the sclera called?
Choroid
Light doesn’t jump around cornea because of this
If the choroid is black and white in color what happens?
Black- Absorbs all colors of the rainbow
White- Reflects all colors of the rainbow
What is the muscle called that holds the suspensory ligaments?
Ciliary muscle
Changes shape of lens
What is the colored portion of the eye called?
Iris
What is the muscle that causes the pupil to constrict and are parasympathetic?
Circular muscle
What is the muscle that causes the pupil to dilate and are sympathetic?
Radial muscle
What does the lens do?
Adjust to distance of objects like a microscope
Looks like a clear jelly bean
When you focus on something everything else gets blurry
Suspended by suspensory ligaments
What holds the lens in place?
Suspensory ligaments
What is the retina?
Light sensitive area where image is captured
Image is originally upside down
What are rods?
Light sensitive
See black and white and different shades of gray
Pick up dim images
Around edges or retina (peripheral vision)
What are cones?
See color red, blue and green
Much less sensitive to light
Blend the 3 colors to see other colors
What is the yellow dot in the retina called?
Macula lutea
What is the indent that the yellow dot makes called?
Fovea centralis
Have sharpest vision here
What is the optic disc?
A structure- causes Blind spot
Function- optic nerve and blood vessels pass through
What is a blind spot?
Spot where you can’t see anything
Right over the optic nerve
No light receptors
Sides of eyes
What cranial nerve is the optic nerve?
2
What is the anterior cavity?
Everything in front of lens
What is the anterior chamber?
Front of iris
What is the posterior chamber?
Behind iris in front of lens
What is the posterior cavity?
Behind lens
What is the pupil?
Hole in front of lens
Where light passes though
Created by iris
What drains aqueous humor if not drained there is a lot of pressure?
Canal of Schlemn (scleral venous sinus)
What is lens accommodation mean?
Ability to focus and focus without moving
What is convergence?
When both eyes follow and focus on an object
What is astigmatism?
Irregularity in shapes of cornea
What is color blindness?
Cones don’t work properly or have to many rods
What is glaucoma?
Pressure under cornea because Cana of schlemn didn’t drain right
What is emmetropia?
Normal vision
What is hyperopia?
Light focused behind retina rather that on it
Far sighted
What is myopia?
Light goes in front of retina instead of on it
Eyeball too long
Cornea too curved
Nearsighted
What is presbyopia?
Lens loses flexibility and can’t focus on things
Special kind of hyperopia
What are photo receptors?
Like a pixel
Single dot
Brain puts them together to form an image
What are the turnics of the eyeball?
3 layers of the eyeball
Retina
Choroid
Sclera
Inside to outside
