L2 - General Principles of Microbiology Flashcards
1
Q
prokaryotic vs eukaryotic
A
- haploid DNA
- extrachromosomal DNA (plasmids)
- simultaneous transcription and translation
- lack of introns
- polycistronic mRNA (one mRNA produces many proteins)
- N-formylmethionine
- organelles
2
Q
sporulation
A
process by which bacteria, when under extreme stress, can become temporarily inactive and enter a rugged state
3
Q
spiral-shaped bacteria
A
spirilla
4
Q
rod-shaped bacteria
A
bacilli
5
Q
spherical-shaped bacteria
A
cocci
6
Q
bacterial envelope
A
7
Q
prion
A
- infectious proteins that are abnormal versions of host protein
- marked by a shift from alpha helices to beta sheets
- protease-resistant
- accumulation leads to neurodegeneration
8
Q
stages of clinical infection
A
- Incubation - time from initial contact to first appearance of symptoms
- Prodormal - short period when symptoms of infection are notable
- Invasion - period of extensive multiplication, toxicity, inflammation, and symptoms
- Convalescent - period with decline of symptoms
9
Q
chain of infection
A
10
Q
innate vs adaptive immunity
A
11
Q
process by which bacteria, when under extreme stress, can become temporarily inactive and enter a rugged state
A
sporulation
12
Q
spirilla
A
spiral-shaped bacteria
13
Q
bacilli
A
rod-shaped bacteria
14
Q
cocci
A
spherical-shaped bacteria
15
Q
peptidoglycan
A
acetylglucosamine and acetylmuramic acid
