Kidneys Flashcards
Why would the water potential of the blood decrease?
If the concentration of glucose/salt increases And volume of water decreases
By: eating salty/sugary food, going to the toilet, sweating
How does water potential of blood increase?
When concentration of salt/glucose decreases and volume of water in blood increases
By: drinking more water to be absorbed into blood, glucose absorbed into liver/skeletal muscle cells
What happens if the water potential of blood is too low, so blood is concentrated with glucose/salt?
Higher water potential in red blood cell than plasma so
Water in red blood cells move down a water potential gradient into the plasma by osmosis
Causing red blood cells to shrink
What happens if the water potential of the plasma is too high so there is a low concentration of salt/glucose?
Higher water potential in the plasma than in the red blood cells
So water moves down a water potential gradient from plasma into red blood cells by osmosis
Red blood cellsEventually swell and burst
What is the goal of maintaining water potential of the plasma?
To be the same as outside so no net movement of water by osmosis in or out of red blood cells: maintains red blood cells shape
What structures control the water potential of plasma in blood to be optimum!
Kidneys
What artery goes to the kidney?
The renal artery
What does the renal artery divide into?
Afferent arterioles
What do afferent arterioles divide into?
Glomerular capillaries
Nephron
The basic functional unit of a kidney consisting of the glomerulus (bowman’s capsule and glomerular capillaries), proximal convoluted tubule, loop of henle
Glomerular capillaries
Knot of capillaries blood from renal artery is bought to for first stage of filtration
Inside the Bowman’s capsule
What is the Bowman’s capsule connected to?
The proximal convoluted tubule
Loop of Henle
Branches off of the proximal convoluted tubule then turns back on itself
Distal convoluted tubule
Branches off the other end of the loop of henle
Collecting duct
Collects the waste at the end of the distal convoluted tubule
What surrounds the tubules (proximal convoluted tubule, Loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule)
Capillaries to allow for absorption of filtrate into blood
And tissue fluid to allow for exchange
All steps of osmoregulation
Ultrafiltration
Reabsorption
Reabsorption of water
