Biological molecules

Question 1

Most common 6 elements in living organisms

Answer 1

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Sulphur
Phosphorus

Question 2

‘Organic molecules’

Answer 2

Must contain at least one carbon to hydrogen bond

Question 3

Examples of organic compounds in biology

Answer 3

Amino acids
Sugars
Fatty acid
Glycerol

Question 4

What are inorganic carbon molecules?

Answer 4

Compounds containing carbon with no hydrogen bonded to it
Hydrocarbon (not bonded together)
Oxides of carbon

Question 5

Ion

Answer 5

An atom with a positive or negative charge due to losing or gaining electrons

Question 6

Inorganic ions role in biological systems

Answer 6

Ions that arent/ don’t include carbon such as metal
Found in the cytoplasm of cells and body fluids of organisms
Dissolved in water as water is a good solvent

Question 7

Inorganic ions in biological systems list

Answer 7

Hydrogen ions
Sodium ions
Iron ions
Phosphate ions

Question 8

Hydrogen ions role in biological systems

Answer 8

What determines the pH of a given area = the concentration of H+ ions there
More H+ ions = lower pH
Can effect the rate of enzyme controlled reactions eg in digestion

Question 9

Iron ions role in biological systems

Answer 9

In haemoglobin in red blood cells = centre of 4 polypeptide chains bonded to it
Iron is what the oxygen binds to

Question 10

Sodium ions role in biological systems

Answer 10

In the co transport of amino acids and glucose across cell membranes
As they require help

Question 11

Phosphate ions role in biological systems

Answer 11

Attached to another molecule (phosphate group) in DNA, RNA and ATP
ATP = bonds in this ion store energy
RNA and DNA = allow nucleotides to join up to form nucleic acid