jan 8 2021 Flashcards
pathogenesis of immune thrombocytopenic purpura?
antibodies form against platelet membrane proteins leading to isolated thrombocytopenia
first line treatment of immune thrombocytopenic purpura?
steroids and IV immunoglobulin
second line treatment for ITP
splenectomy (removes the source of platelets destruction)
what is chronic ITP ?
thrombocytopenia <100 000 and for > 1 year
presentation of multiple system atrophy?
- parkinsonism
- autonomic dysfunction
- widespread neurological signs
what is familial-dysautonomia?
a AR disease that presents at birth with poor feeding, low muscle tone, gross autonomic dysfunction and severe orthostatic hypotension
In a patient that presents with parkinsonism, and with orthostatic hypotension, erectile dysfunction, incontinence or other autonomic symptoms, consider….
multiple system atrophy
cardiac amyloidosis causes…
restrictive cardiomyopathy
list manifestations of amyloidosis
- asymptomatic proteinuria or nephrotic syndrome
- waxy skin
- easy brusing
- hepatomegaly
- GI bleeding
- early satiety
- enlarged tongue
- autonomic neuropathy
presentation of HSV retinitis
rapidbly progressing bilateral necrotizing retinitis - starts with conjunctivitis and keratitis and eye pain followed by rapid progression of vision loss
is it normal for breast bud development to occur unilaterally at first?
yes
examination of a breast bud will show..
a firm retroareolar mass that may be slightly tender
path of primary biliary cholangitis?
autoimmune destruction of intrahepatic bile ducts
clinical features of primary biliary cholangitis?
- fatigue/pruritis with progressive jaundice, hepatomegaly and cirhosis, xanthomas and xanthelasmas
- usually in middle aged women
which antibody is postivie in primary biliary cholangitis?
AMA (antimitochondrial)
treatment of primary biliary cholangitis?
- ursodeoxycholic acid
- liver transplant
complications of primary biliary cholangitis?
- malabsoprtion, fat soluble vitamin deficiencies
- bone disease (osteoporosis, osteomalacia)
- HCC
which medications are risk factors for idiopathic intracranial hypertension?
- retinoids
- tetracylines
- growth hormonep
prolonged oxygen in a neonate is a risk for…
bronchopulmonary dysplasia
characteristics of bronchopulmonary dysplasia?
reduced number and septations of alveoli
