jan 18 Flashcards
which type of lung cancer is assocaited with increased PTHrP?
squamous cell carcinoma of the lung
which enzyme is reduced in acute intermittent porphyria?
porphobilinogen deaminase
inheritance of AIP?
AD with low penetrance
manifestations of AIP?
- abdominal pain
- peripheral neuropathy mostly in upper extremities
- autonomic dysfunction
- neuropsychiatric dysfunction
- red-tinged urine that oxidizes with light/air exposure
what are some exacerbating factors of AIP?
- Medications (CYP450 inducers)
- Psychological stress
- Alcohol, tobacco
lab findings in AIP?
- elevated serum & urinary PBG, ALA, porphryns
- hyponatremia, elevated transaminases
management of AIP?
glucose and hemin
why does hyponatremia occur in an AIP attack?
from SIADH
path of alport syndrome?
mutation of type IV collagen
clinical findings of alport syndrome?
- nephropathy - hematuria, progressive renal insufficiency, proteinuria, hypertension
- bilateral sensineural hearing loss
- anterior lenticonus
renal biopsy findings of alport syndrome?
longitudinal splitting of GBM
inheritance of alport syndrome
X-linked
treatment of RSV bronchiolitis?
-supportive care
which infants with RSV bronchiolitis require palivuzimab?
- <29 weeks gestation
- chronic lung disease of prematurity
- significant congenital heart diseaes
diagnosis of ALL?
bone marrow biopsy
which muscles does the suprascapular nerve supply?
supraspinatous and infraspinatous
presentation of suprascapular nerve injury?
pain
-weakness on abduction adn external rotation of shoulder
most common cause of lobar intracranial hemorrhage?
cerebral amyloid angiopathy
what causes bacillary angiomatosis?
Bartonella- gram - bacillus
treatment of bacillary angiomatosis?
oral erythromycin
which cancer is associated with 9:22 translocation?
chronic myeloid leukemia
path of idiopathic transverse myelitis?
- immune mediated destruction of spinal cord
- often post-infectious (molecular mimicry)
idiopathic transverse myolitis often follows…
an infection
diagnosis of idiopathic transverse myelitis?
MRI: no compression lesion - T2 hyperintensity
LP: increased WBCs, increased IgG
treatment of idiopathic transverse myelitis?
- high dose IV glucocorticoids
- plasmapheresis
what aortic valve area measurement indicates severe aortic stenosis?
<1cm
treatment of bartonella angiomatosis?
-doxycycline or erythromycin
Management of uncomplicated spontaneous pneumomediastinum?
- rest
- analgesics
- avoidance of valsava maneuvers
adverse effect of hydroxychloroquine?
retinopathy
treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis?
NSAIDS
Management of EHEC?
supportive
presentation of carbon monoxide poisoning?
-headache, confusion, malaise, dizziness, nausea
Severe: seizure, syncope, coma, MI, arythmias
renal complications of long term analgesic use?
- chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis
- hematuria due to papillary necrosis
patients with hypothyroid are at increased risk for which bone disorder?
slipped capital femoral epiphysis
treatment of slipped capital femoral epiphysis?
surgical screw fixation
Dementia with executive function loss and neurologic findings is likely…
vascular dementia
hep B is a risk factor for which nephrotic syndrome?
membranous nephropathy
which medication can be given to children with enuresis?
desmopressin
what will nerve conduction studies show with GBS?
evidence of demyelinization (decreased motor nerve conductance)
is sensation effected in GBS?
no - although parasthesias may be present
CSF findings of GBS?
increased protein, normal leukocytes
presentation of ethylene glycol poisoning?
- flank pain
- hematuria, oliguria
- CN palsies, tetany
lab findings in ethylene glycol poisoning?
- high osmolar gap
- high anion gap metabolic acidosis
- calcium oxalate crystals in urine
treatment of ethylene glycol poisoning?
fomepizole
presentation of methanol ingestion?
- blurred vision
- central scotoma
- affarent pupillary defect
- altered mentation
what causes a dermatofibroma?
benign fibroblast proliferation that may occur after trauma or insect bites
appearance of a dermatofibroma?
discrete, firm, hyperpigmented nodules <1cm in diameter
-may have dimpling when pinched
where in the brain do neoplastic cells commonly lodge?
at the grey-white matter junction
