jan 17 Flashcards
what is a vascular ring?
-congenital malformation of vessels that encircles/compresses the trachea and or esophagus
what makes symptoms of a vascular ring worse?
activity (better with rest)
presentation of a vascular ring?
biphasic stridor that improves with neck extension
presentation of atlanto-axial instability:
weakness, gait changes, urinary/fecal incontinence, dizziness, vertigo, diplopia, upper motor neuron findings
atlantoaxial instability is a common complication of…
down syndrome
upper motor neuron findings are present in atlantoaxial instability TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
upper motor neuron findings are present in tethered spinal cord TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
tethered spinal cord is associated with down syndrome TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
tethered spinal cord is associated with…
spina bifida
optic neuritis is a common manifestation of..
MS
presentation of retinal detachment?
floaters or flashes of light and loss of peripheral vision
What is Dubin-Johnson syndrome?
-conjugated hyperbilirubinemia due to defective liver excretion
is Dubin-Johnson syndrome serious or benign?
benign
Path of Gilbert syndrome?
Mildly decreased UDP-glucuronyltransferase conjugation and impaired bilirubin uptake -> mild jaundice with stress/fasting
does gilbert syndrome have high UNconjugated or CONJUGATED bilirubin?
unconjugated