jan 20 Flashcards
unilateral cervical lymphadenitis is most likely…
bacterial
bilateral cervical lymphadenitis is most likely…
viral
most common causes of unilateral cervical lymphadenitis in children?
S aureus
S pyogenes
clinical features of a glucagonoma?
- weight loss
- necrolytic migratory erythema
- diabetes mellitis/hyperglycemia
- GI symptoms - diarrhea, anorhexia, etc.
is whole blood transfusion commonly performed?
NO - not unless there is massive blood loss
A patient with acute splenic sequesteration crisis should and severe anemia and thrombocytopenia should receive…
IV fluids and packed red blood cell transfusion
silver-grey plaques on the bulbar conjunctiva =
bitot spots - vit A deficiency
first line treatment of diffuse esophageal spasm?
Ca channel blockers
treatment of strabismus?
- strengthen deviated eye (patch on the good eye)
- correct refractive errors (contacts/glasses)
- surgery
clinical features of microscopic colitis?
- watery, nonbloody diarrhea, fecal urgency and incontinence
- weight loss, fatigue, abdominal pain, arthralgias
conoloscopy gross findings of microscopic colitis?
normal
biopsy findings of microscopic colitis?
mononuclear cellular infiltrate into the lamina propria
triggers for microscopic colitis?
smoking, medications (NSAIDs, PPIs, SSRIs)
management of microscopic colitis?
- remove triggers
- antidiarrheal medications and budenoside
epleronone MOA
aldosterone antagonist
internal carotid artery dissection is a common cause of stroke in….
young patients
clinical presentation of carotid artery dissection?
- unilateral head and neck pain, transient vision loss
- ipsilateral partial horner syndrome
- signs of cerebral ischemia
etiology of carotid artery dissection?
- may occur after trauma
- underlying conditions: HTN, smoking
management of subacute or chronic lower back pain?
- intermittent NSAID use
- exercise therapy - stretch/strengthen back
- can considers TCAs
MRI findings of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathty?
-asymmetric white matter lesions - no enhancement or edema
cause of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathty?
JC virus
MRI findings of cerebral toxoplasmosis?
ring enhancing lesions WITH edema
what can trigger myasthenia gravis?
Medications
Physiologic stress: Surgery, pregnancy, infection
ice pack test findings in myasthenia gravis?
an ice pack applied to the eyelids for several minutes temporarily improves ptosis (due to decreased Ach breakdown)
