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OBS and GYN > jan 20 > Flashcards

jan 20 Flashcards

1
Q

unilateral cervical lymphadenitis is most likely…

A

bacterial

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2
Q

bilateral cervical lymphadenitis is most likely…

A

viral

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3
Q

most common causes of unilateral cervical lymphadenitis in children?

A

S aureus

S pyogenes

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4
Q

clinical features of a glucagonoma?

A
  • weight loss
  • necrolytic migratory erythema
  • diabetes mellitis/hyperglycemia
  • GI symptoms - diarrhea, anorhexia, etc.
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5
Q

is whole blood transfusion commonly performed?

A

NO - not unless there is massive blood loss

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6
Q

A patient with acute splenic sequesteration crisis should and severe anemia and thrombocytopenia should receive…

A

IV fluids and packed red blood cell transfusion

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7
Q

silver-grey plaques on the bulbar conjunctiva =

A

bitot spots - vit A deficiency

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8
Q

first line treatment of diffuse esophageal spasm?

A

Ca channel blockers

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9
Q

treatment of strabismus?

A
  • strengthen deviated eye (patch on the good eye)
  • correct refractive errors (contacts/glasses)
  • surgery
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10
Q

clinical features of microscopic colitis?

A
  • watery, nonbloody diarrhea, fecal urgency and incontinence

- weight loss, fatigue, abdominal pain, arthralgias

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11
Q

conoloscopy gross findings of microscopic colitis?

A

normal

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12
Q

biopsy findings of microscopic colitis?

A

mononuclear cellular infiltrate into the lamina propria

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13
Q

triggers for microscopic colitis?

A

smoking, medications (NSAIDs, PPIs, SSRIs)

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14
Q

management of microscopic colitis?

A
  • remove triggers

- antidiarrheal medications and budenoside

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15
Q

epleronone MOA

A

aldosterone antagonist

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16
Q

internal carotid artery dissection is a common cause of stroke in….

A

young patients

17
Q

clinical presentation of carotid artery dissection?

A
  • unilateral head and neck pain, transient vision loss
  • ipsilateral partial horner syndrome
  • signs of cerebral ischemia
18
Q

etiology of carotid artery dissection?

A
  • may occur after trauma

- underlying conditions: HTN, smoking

19
Q

management of subacute or chronic lower back pain?

A
  • intermittent NSAID use
  • exercise therapy - stretch/strengthen back
  • can considers TCAs
20
Q

MRI findings of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathty?

A

-asymmetric white matter lesions - no enhancement or edema

21
Q

cause of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathty?

A

JC virus

22
Q

MRI findings of cerebral toxoplasmosis?

A

ring enhancing lesions WITH edema

23
Q

what can trigger myasthenia gravis?

A

Medications

Physiologic stress: Surgery, pregnancy, infection

24
Q

ice pack test findings in myasthenia gravis?

A

an ice pack applied to the eyelids for several minutes temporarily improves ptosis (due to decreased Ach breakdown)

25
Q

anti-glomerular basement membrane disease =

A

goodpasture syndrome

26
Q

path of anti-glomerular basement membrane disease

A

antibodies against type IV collagen

27
Q

can aspirin tablets be visualized on xray?

A

no

28
Q

can iron tablets be visualized on xray?

A

yes

29
Q

presentation of iron poisoning?

A

abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, bleeding (hematemesis, melana ->hypovolemic shock)

30
Q

treatment of iron poisoning?

A

IV deferoxamine chelation

31
Q

proximal muscle weakness is a symptom of hyperthyroid TRUE OR FALSE

A

TRUE

32
Q

why may hyperbilirubinemia be present in B12 deficiency?

A

high numbers of immature megaloblasts are produced and undergo intramedullary hemolysis

33
Q

physical features of fragile X syndrome?

A
  • prominent forehead
  • large ears
  • long, narrow face
  • prominent chin
  • macrorchidism
34
Q

management of TTP?

A
  • plasma exchange
  • glucocorticoids
  • rituximab
35
Q

how does plasma exchange help treat TTP?

A

-replenishes the ADAMST13 and removes autoantibodies

OBS and GYN (42 decks)

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