jan 11 2021 Flashcards
what is the strongest risk factor for acute aortic dissection?
hypertension
treatment of a baby with congenital syphilis?
Penicillin - to prevent later manifestations of the disease
presentation of HIV in infancy?
- failure to thrive
- chronic diarrhea
- lymphadenopathy
- pneumocystitis pneumonia
what is laryngomalacia?
collapse of supraglottic tissue on inspiration
clinical presentatino of laryngomalacia?
- inspiratory stridor that worsens when supine
- peaks at 4-8 months
diagnosis of laryngomalacia?
laryngoscopy (flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy)
laryngoscopy findings in laryngomalacia?
-omega shaped epiglottis and collapse of supraglottic tissue during inspiration
myelomeningocele is associatd wtih…
chiari malformation II
treatment of mild croup
humidified air + one dose of corticosteroid
treatment of moderate/severe croup
corticosteroids + nebulized epinephrine
what is seen on imaging of tuberculosis meningitis?
basilar meningeal enhancement + hydrocephalus
clinical features of primary adrenal insufficiency?
-fatigue, anorexia, weight loss
-nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain
-postural hypotension, salt craving
-hyperpigmentation
Acute adrenal crisis: shock, confusion/hypotension
lab findings of primary adrenal insufficiency?
- hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, eosinophilia
- low morning cortisol, high ACTH
treatment of acute dystonia?
IV anticholinergics (benztropine, trihyexyphenidyl)
presentation of cryptococcus neoformans infection
-headaches, nauseau/vomiting, confusion, abducens nerve palsy, scattered umbilicated skin lesions
what is a gamma gap?
difference between total protein and albumin
what is waldenstorms macroglobulinemia
B-cell malignancy with excessive production of igM
screening for waldenstorms macroglobulinemia
serum protein electrophoresis
manifestations of waldenstorms macroglobulinemia
- hyperviscosity syndrome
- neuropathy
- bleeding
- hepatosplenomegaly
- lympadenopathy
lab findings in hyperigM syndrome?
- normal B cells
- low igG and igA
- high igM
lab findings in x-linked agammaglobulinemia
- decreased or absent b cells
- decreased immunoglobulins
patients on metformin may develop a ___ deficiency
B12
the most common cause of stent thrombosis?
poor adherence to dual antiplatelet therapy
features of gaucher disease?
- severe splenomegaly, hepatomegaly
- anemia, thrombocytopenia
- bony pain
- failure to thrive, delayed puberty
